干热胁迫下紫花苜蓿Rubisco羧化酶和活化酶活性变化及其基因表达的研究  

The Activities of Rubisco Carboxylase and Activase and their Gene Expressions in Alfalfa under Drought and Heat stresses

作　　者：许超 何承刚[1] 牟兰[1] 毕玉芬[1] 姜华[1] XU Chao;HE Cheng-gang;MU Lan;BI Yu-fen;JIANG Hua(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan Province 650201,China;Kunming Agricultural Radio and Television School,Kunming,Yunnan Province 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]昆明市农业广播电视学校,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《草地学报》2021年第2期228-233,共6页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660682);云南省重点研发计划课题(2018BB002-02);云南省技术创新人才(2018HB075);自然资源部“西南多样性区域土地优化配置与生态整治科技创新团队”开放基金(YNTD2018KF05)共同资助。

摘　　要：为探讨核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶(Rubisco)和Rubisco活化酶(Rubisco activase,RCA)活性变化及其基因表达,本研究以云南野生紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)和‘阿尔冈金’紫花苜蓿为材料,测定其在干旱和高温条件下植株叶片Rubisco和RCA酶活性,并采用RT-qPCR分析Rubisco大亚基(rbcL)和Rubisco活化酶基因(rca)对干热胁迫的响应。结果表明随干热胁迫时间的延长,野生紫花苜蓿的Rubisco酶活性总体高于‘阿尔冈金’,且野生紫花苜蓿中的RCA酶活性对干热胁迫的响应时间较‘阿尔冈金’晚。rbcL基因和rca基因表达量受干热胁迫影响起初显著上升,而后随干热胁迫时间的延长持续降低,但野生紫花苜蓿的基因表达水平总体高于‘阿尔冈金’。2种酶活性与其基因表达之间的相关性均不显著,而rbc L和rac基因之间的表达量均呈显著正相关。Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase(Rubisco)is the key enzyme that determines the rate of carbon assimilation in photosynthesis,and Rubisco activase(RCA)is the key enzyme that regulates Rubisco activity.Research on the role of enzyme activity and its gene expression has great significance for improving the photosynthesis and productivity of plants.In present study,Yunnan wild alfalfa and‘Algonquin’alfalfa were selected to determine the enzyme activities of Rubisco and RCA in plant leaves under drought and heat stresses.The response of Rubisco large subunit(rbcL)gene and rca gene were analyzed by RT-qPCR.The results showed that the Rubisco activity of wild alfalfa was higher than that of'Algonquin'.Two of them were decreased at first and then increased significantly with the extension time under the drought and heat stresses.RCA activity of wild alfalfa responded to drought and heat stresses was later than that of‘Algonquin’,and two of them showed opposite trend.The relative expression levels of rbcL and rca genes were significantly increased under stresses,and then decreased continuously.There was no significant correlation between enzyme and gene expression,but there was a significant positive correlation between rbcL and rca gene.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 干热胁迫 Rubisco酶 RCA酶 基因表达 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]