燕麦种质资源农艺性状遗传多样性的鉴定评价  

Identification and Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Agronomic Traits in Oat Germplasm Resources

作　　者：张琦 魏臻武[1] 闫天芳 耿小丽[1] ZHANG Qi;WEI Zhen-wu;YAN Tian-fang;GENG Xiao-li(Collega of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院/扬州大学草业科学研究所,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《草地学报》2021年第2期309-316,共8页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目“紫花苜蓿冬季栽培及轮作双减关键技术的研究示范”(沪农科推字(2020)第1-2号);江苏省现代农业产业技术体系(JATS[2018]079);国家自然科学基金项目(30972136);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(XKYCX19_124)资助。

摘　　要：为了解燕麦(Avena sativa L.)种质资源在江淮地区农艺性状上的差异,本试验对141份燕麦种质资源的14个主要农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析、主成分分析以及聚类分析。结果表明:供试燕麦种质的遗传多样性指数较高,多样性指数最高的为单株鲜重,其次为单株干重和千粒重,分别为2.64,2.48,2.33;供试燕麦种质间千粒重和穗粒数的差异较大,变异系数分别为29.46%和24.47%。根据燕麦种质性状间的遗传差异,通过对14个主要农艺性状进行聚类分析把141份燕麦种质划分为3大种质群。种质群Ⅰ可作为选育特异性株高和小穗材料的亲本;种质群Ⅱ可用来选育高产饲草材料;种质群Ⅲ可以作为选育饲用籽粒材料的亲本。10个数量性状主成分分析得到的4个主成分因子累计贡献率达69.609%,第1主成分反映草产量,第2主成分反映形态性状,第3,4主成分分别反映籽粒特性和籽粒产量。Genetic diversity analysis,principal component and cluster analysis were performed on 141 accessions of hulled and naked oat to investigate genetic diversity of agronomic character in Jianghuai areas.The results showed that the genetic diversity index of all traits were relatively large.Fresh weight of plant had the highest genetic diversity index,followed by dry weight of plant and thousand grain weight,which were 2.64,2.48 and 2.33,respectively;The coefficient of variation of thousand grain weight and number of spikelet were 29.46%and 24.47%respectively.According to genetic difference of each characteristic among varieties,the 141 accessions could be classified into 3 categories by cluster analysis.The first group could be used as parents of specific plant height and spikelet objectives,the second group could be used as parents of high-yield breeding objectives,the third group could be used as parents of seed yield objectives.The principal component analysis on quantitative characters showed that the accumulative contribution rate of the first four principal components accounted for 69.609%of the total variation,the first principal component mainly reflected the yield,while the second principal component reflected the morphological characters.The third and fourth principal component reflected characteristics of seed and seed yield,respectively.

关 键 词：燕麦 农艺性状 遗传多样性 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]