罗山东麓断裂和罐罐岭断裂的高分一号卫星图像识别  

Interpretation of GF-1 satellite images of the eastern piedmont fault of Luoshan and Guanguanling fault

作　　者：崔瑾[1] 雷启云[1] 杜鹏[1] 王银[1] Cui Jin;Lei Qiyun;Du Peng;Wang Yin(Earthquake Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Yinchuan 750001,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区地震局,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《地质学刊》2020年第4期394-400,共7页Journal of Geology

基　　金：中国地震局项目“高分遥感地震监测与应急应用示范系统”(31-Y30B09-9001-13/15);宁夏回族自治区项目“基于多参量卫星数据的地震立体监测研究”(2018BEG03004);宁夏地震局科技创新项目(CX2019-4)。

摘　　要：基于国产高分一号(GF-1)卫星影像数据,对青藏高原东北隅的罗山东麓活动断裂和罐罐岭断裂进行构造地貌的解译。通过建立影像解译标志,对比高分影像不同分辨率解译成果以及融合处理后陡坎台地面、冲沟位错、地表破裂带的解译效果,并结合野外实际地质填图进行验证。结果表明,分辨率越高的影像,活断层形迹细节显示越丰富,高分16 m分辨率影像能满足小比例尺区域构造解译和较粗略的构造信息提取,可提高解译效率;高分2 m融合影像断层陡坎的宏观显示效果较好,可用于台地划分及边界较大位错显示,可识别出10 m以上的冲沟位错,但5~6 m的小位错无法显示,高分2 m影像的精度尚不能进行走滑断裂冲沟位错的定量统计,但可识别最新地表破裂,解译标志为亮白色显示。综上,在构造较强烈区,高分一号卫星影像数据可以满足活断层野外1∶50 000填图的应用,但对于弱活动区解译效果尚需研究。Based on the image data of GF-1 satellite made in China, the tectonic and geomorphological interpretation of the eastern piedmont fault of Luoshan and Guanguanling fault in the northeastern corner of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was carried out. By establishing image interpretation markers, comparing different resolution interpretation results and comprehensive interpretation of fusion image surface including scarp, platform surface, gully dislocation and surface rupture zones, with field geological mapping, it is found that the higher resolution image, the richer the details of active fault traces are displayed. The 16-meter resolution image can satisfy the interpretation of small scale regional structure and the acquisition of rough structural information, which improves the interpretation efficiency. The 2-meter resolution fusion image has better macroscopic display effect on fault steep ridge, and can be used for platform division and display of larger boundary dislocations, and can identify gully dislocations that are more than 10 meters, but not smaller than 5-6 meters. Thus, the fusion image can′t be used to quantitatively measure the dislocation of the strike-slip fault gully. It can identify the latest surface rupture, and the interpretation mark is displayed in bright white. To sum up, the analysis shows that the domestic high-resolution GF-1 satellite image data can satisfy the application of 1∶50,000 mapping of active faults in strong tectonic areas, but for weak active areas, the interpretation effect still needs to be studied.

关 键 词：高分一号(GF-1) 卫星影像 遥感解译 罗山东麓断裂 罐罐岭断裂 青藏高原 

分 类 号：P627[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] TP75[天文地球—地质学]