3种复配杀菌剂对苹果褐斑病菌的室内生物活性及田间防效评价  

Effect of Three Compound Fungicides to Marssonina coronaria

作　　者：刘召阳 宋艳艳[1] 冯浩[1] 黄丽丽[1] LIU Zhao-yang;SONG Yan-yan;FENG Hao;HUANG Li-li(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas,College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农药》2021年第1期66-69,共4页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201100)。

摘　　要：[目的]关键时期喷洒化学药剂是防控苹果褐斑病的最有效措施,筛选防控苹果褐斑病的高效药剂至关重要。[方法]试验分别评价了3种复配药剂对苹果褐斑病菌分生孢子萌发、菌落形成和菌丝生长的室内生物活性,通过室内离体叶片法分别评价了3种复配药剂的保护与治疗作用,采用不同时期全株喷雾法测定了3种复配杀菌剂与对照药剂80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂的大田防效。[结果]30%唑醚·戊唑醇悬浮剂与30%吡唑·异菌脲悬浮剂对苹果褐斑病菌的分生孢子萌发、菌落形成和菌丝生长均具有较强的抑制作用,并且具有较好的室内保护和治疗效果。田间防效试验表明:30%唑醚·戊唑醇的保护效果最好,高达93.6%,其余药剂保护效果也均在80%以上。在病害发生初期(内膛叶片发病率低于1%)防治,30%唑醚·戊唑醇防治效果最好,其次为30%吡唑·异菌脲悬浮剂。病叶率达到3%之后喷药,效果较差。[结论]30%唑醚·戊唑醇悬浮剂与30%吡唑·异菌脲悬浮剂可以作为高效防控苹果褐斑病的候选药剂。[Aims] Fungicide spraying at critical time is the most effective measure to prevent and control the apple Marssonina leaf blotch disease. This study aims to screen out high-efficacy fungicides for control of apple Marssonina leaf blotch. [Methods] The toxicity of three compound fungicides to the conidia germination, colony formation, and mycelial growth of Marssonina coronaria were evaluated, and the control effect of these three fungicides to apple Marssonina leaf blotch were also detected in vitro. The field control effect of the three compound fungicides and the control(mancozeb 80% WP) was determined by uniform spraying method at different stage. [Results] Pyraclostrobin·tebuconazole 30% SC and pyrazole·iprodione 30% SC had strong inhibitory effects on the conidial germination, colony formation and hyphae growth of the pathogen. And these two fungicides also have higher control effect to the disease.Field tests showed that pyraclostrobin·tebuconazole 30% SC exhibited the best protective effect with 93.6% control,and the protective effects of the other fungicides were all above 80%. At the early stage of disease occurrence(the incidence rate of the leaves inside the canopy is less than 1%), pyraclostrobin·tebuconazole 30% SC showed the best control effect, followed by pyrazole·iprodione 30% SC. The effect decreased when the disease rate reached 3%.[Conclusions] Pyraclostrobin·tebuconazole 30% SC and pyrazole·iprodione 30% SC can be used to control apple Marssonina leaf blotch.

关 键 词：苹果褐斑病 杀菌剂 生物活性测定 防治效果 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]