西宁张家湾特大滑坡特征及机理  

Characteristics and Mechanism of Zhangjiawan Large Scale Landslide in Xining

作　　者：白朝能 彭亮 沈远 李健国 郑长远 BAI Chao-neng;PENG Liang;SHEN Yuan;LI Jian-guo;ZHENG Chang-yuan(Xi’an Railway Survey and Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China;Qinghai Institute of Hydro-geology and Engineering Geology and Environmental Geology,Xining 810008,China;China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group East China Survey and Design Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310004,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 614202,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁西安勘察设计研究院有限责任公司,西安710054 [2]青海省水文地质工程地质环境地质调查院,西宁810008 [3]中铁二院华东勘察设计有限责任公司,杭州310004 [4]西南交通大学土木工程学院,成都614202

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第3期927-934,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

摘　　要：针对西宁市湟水河南岸张家湾特大型滑坡,通过现场调查、试验,卫星遥感、综合勘探等技术手段对滑坡的时空特征、结构特征、变形特征及形成机理进行了研究。研究表明:该滑坡是以黄土-泥岩二元体滑坡为主,集滑坡、崩塌、危岩落石、黄土湿陷等多种不良地质为一体的特大型不良地质综合体;张家湾特大型滑坡分为两区四期,各分区分期滑坡具有明显不同的时空分布、结构特征、变形特征及灾害特征。东区为老滑坡陡立后壁的崩塌落石,西区在老滑坡基础之上新生、次生多期滑坡。张家湾一期老滑坡的形成是由于湟水河下切及侧向侵蚀造成的牵引式岩土复合型滑坡。二期滑坡在一期滑坡基础上形成,后缘黄土崩塌加载、前缘重力临空牵引,属于后推前拉式岩土复合型滑坡。三期滑坡次生于二期滑坡体下滑段,属浅层牵引式土质滑坡。四期形成于二期西侧滑坡后壁之上,属典型的黄土崩塌。该研究对于规模巨大、成因复杂、治理困难的特大型滑坡形成机理分析及工程整治具有很好的借鉴意义。The catastrophic landslide in Zhangjiawan on the south bank of the Huangshui River was an unfavorable geology complex.The stability of landslide was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively based on the study of landslide spatial morphology,structural features,deformation features and formation mechanisms.The results shows that the landslide is a super large unfavorable geological complex,which is mainly composed of loess mudstone binary landslide.It integrates landslide,collapse,dangerous rock and rockfall,loess collapsibility and other unfavorable geological conditions.This landslide is divided into two regions and four stages,and each division has obvious different temporal and spatial distribution,structural characteristics,deformation characteristics and disaster characteristics.The eastern geological disaster becomes the falling rocks accumulation area of the previous landslide,and the western geological disaster becomes the secondary landslide after the previous landslide.The formation of the previous landslide in the first stage of Zhangjiawan is caused by Huangshui river cutting and lateral erosion,which belongs to the towed rocksoil composite landslide.The second stage landslide is formed on the basis of the first stage landslide.The back edge of the landslide is loaded with loess collapse and the front edge is free and no support,which belongs to the towed rocksoil composite landslide.The third stage landslide is formed in the second stage of the slide body,which belongs to the shallow towed landslide.The fourth stage is formed on the back wall of the landslide on the west side of the second stage.This study has reference significance for the research and control of oversize landslide with huge scale,complicated causes and difficult control.

关 键 词：特大滑坡 多期 地质灾害 机理 稳定性 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]