猕猴桃根、叶、果与土壤中6种金属元素的分布特征及其相关性  

Distribution Characteristics and Correlation of Six Metal Elements in Kiwifruit Root,Leaf,Fruit and Soil

作　　者：徐浩龙 XU Hao-long(College of Chemistry and Material,Weinan Normal University,Weinan 714099,China;Key Laboratory for Ecology and Environment of River Wetlands in Shaanxi Province,Weinan 714099,China)

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院化学与材料学院,渭南714099 [2]陕西省河流湿地生态与环境重点实验室,渭南714099

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第3期946-951,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：陕西省教育厅基金(19JS029)。

摘　　要：为了研究猕猴桃根、叶、果和土壤中Sr、Zn、Cu、Mn、Pb、Cr的分布特征及根-叶/果-土壤元素含量之间的关系,通过火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了根、叶、果与土壤中6种元素的含量,利用富集系数法和转运系数法研究了猕猴桃根对土壤中6种元素的吸收能力和根向叶、果的转运能力,考查了元素含量对富集系数和转运系数的影响。结果表明:(1)土壤中6种元素平均含量分别为136(Sr)、47.7(Zn)、80.8(Cu)、442(Mn)、30.8(Pb)、224(Cr) mg/kg,每种元素含量分布的变异系数分别为0.270(Sr)、0.433(Zn)、0.613(Cu)、0.131(Mn)、0.264(Pb)、0.167(Cr);(2)根部6种元素的平均富集系数(BCF)分别为0.655(Sr)、0.711(Zn)、0.226(Cu)、0.120(Mn)、0.059 1(Pb)、0.001 90(Cr);(3)叶和果中6种元素的平均转运系数(translocatin factor, TF)分别为1.30和0.006 30(Sr)、5.39和0.570(Zn)、2.24和0.530(Cu)、0.877和0.103(Mn)、0.873和0(Pb)、1.12和2.59(Cr)。可见,6种元素在不同采样点土壤中的含量、在根部的富集能力和根向叶、果的转运能力均具有明显的差异。利用种植过程追溯手段,还对TF(Zn)突变值产生的原因进行了探究,追踪到过量喷施代森锌的现象。To investigate the distribution characteristics of Sr,Zn,Cu,Mn,Pb,Cr in kiwifruit roots,leaves,fruits and soil,and the relationships between leaves,fruits,roots and soil,the contents of six elements in roots,leaves,fruits and soil were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry.The absorption capacity from the soil and the transport capacity to leaves and fruits were studied by the bioconcentration factor method and translocation factor method.The experimental results are as follows:firstly,the average contents of six elements in soil are 136(Sr),47.7(Zn),80.8(Cu),442(Mn),30.8(Pb),224(Cr)mg/kg,and the variation coefficient of each element content distribution are 0.270(Sr),0.433(Zn),0.613(Cu),0.131(Mn),0.264(Pb),0.167(Cr),respectively.Secondly,the average bioconcentration factor(BCF)of six elements in roots are 0.655(Sr),0.711(Zn),0.226(Cu),0.120(Mn),0.0591(Pb),0.00190(Cr),respectively.Thirdly,the average translocation factor(TF)of six elements in leaves and fruits are 1.30 and 0.00630(Sr),5.39 and 0.570(Zn),2.24 and 0.530(Cu),0.877 and 0.103(Mn),0.873 and 0(Pb),1.12 and 2.59(Cr),respectively.It is concluded that the contents of six elements in different sampling soil points,the enrichment ability in roots and the transport ability from roots to leaves and fruits are significantly different.The reason of TF(Zn)mutation value was also explored by means of plant process tracing,and the phenomenon of excessive spraying of zineb was traced.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 重金属元素 富集能力 转运系数 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]