不同种类微生物对碳酸盐岩溶蚀普遍性  

The Universality of Carbonate Rocks Dissolution by Different Microorganisms

作　　者：齐义彬 丁茜 朱东亚[1] 何治亮[2] QI Yi-bin;DING Qian;ZHU Dong-ya;HE Zhi-liang(Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,China Petro Chemical Corporation,Beijing 100083,China;China Petro Chemical Corporation,Beijing 100728,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司,北京100728

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第3期986-990,共5页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA14010201);国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0702400)。

摘　　要：表生溶蚀作用是碳酸盐岩储层形成的重要因素。从岩石表面中筛选3种典型微生物,芽孢杆菌Q1、链霉菌Q2和曲霉菌Q3。通过比较不同种类微生物的产酸、溶蚀速率以及在多孔介质中溶蚀的动态模拟实验,研究了微生物对碳酸盐岩的表生溶蚀作用的普遍性。结果表明,各实验体系中pH、钙离子浓度均发生了有规律的变化,其中曲霉菌Q3的产酸能力与溶蚀效果最显著,5 d内使培养体系的pH降低了2.69,Q3-方解岩和Q3-白云岩培养体系中Ca~(2+)浓度分别达到了327 mg/L和258 mg/L。同时,微生物在多孔介质中对白云岩的溶蚀实验表明,曲霉菌Q3的岩心溶蚀能力也强于芽孢杆菌Q1和链霉菌Q2。研究表明,微生物不但能够对岩石表面产生溶蚀作用,也能够在多孔介质中也对碳酸盐岩等产生溶蚀作用。微生物对碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用具有普遍性,微生物岩溶很有可能发生在较广泛的表层岩石范围内,促进碳酸盐岩储层的形成。Epigenetic dissolution is one of the important factors in the formation of carbonate reservoirs.Three typical microorganisms,Bacillus Q1,Streptomyces Q2 and Aspergillus Q3 were screened from rock surface.The universality of carbonate rocks dissolution by microorganisms was studied by comparing acid production,dissolution rate and dynamic simulation experiments of dissolution in porous media.The results show that pH and Ca 2+concentration changed regularly,Aspergillus Q3 had the most significant acid producing capacity and dissolution effect.Within 5 d,the pH of Aspergillus Q3 culture system was reduced by 2.69,and the concentration of Ca 2+in Q3-calcite and Q3-dolomite culture systems reached 327 mg/L and 258 mg/L,respectively.Microbial dissolution experiments on dolomite in porous media show that the core dissolution ability of Aspergillus Q3 is also stronger than that of Bacillus Q1 and Streptomyces Q2.The results show that microorganisms can not only dissolve rock surface,but also carbonate rock in porous media.Microbial dissolution of carbonate rocks is universal.Microbial karst is likely to occur in a wide range of surface rocks and promote the formation of carbonate reservoirs.

关 键 词：表生岩溶 碳酸盐岩 微生物 溶蚀速率 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探] P588[天文地球—岩石学]