输血前患者不规则抗体筛查及鉴定的临床意义探讨  

Clinical significance of irregular antibody screening and identification before blood transfusion

作　　者：詹廷西[1] 王静[1] 徐丹丹 李鑫[1] 孙静 余泽波[1] ZHAN Ting-Xi;WANG Jing;XU Dan-Dan;LI Xin;SUN Jing;YU Ze-Bo(Department of Blood Transfusion,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院输血科,重庆400016 [2]重庆力隆生物技术发展有限公司,重庆400051

出　　处：《中国免疫学杂志》2021年第3期335-338,345,共5页Chinese Journal of Immunology

摘　　要：目的:分析输血前患者不规则抗体的产生、分布情况及其临床意义。方法:采用微柱凝胶抗人球蛋白卡对85645例输血前患者进行不规则抗体筛查并鉴定。结果:不规则抗体的产生率为0.37%(313/85645),特异性抗体201例(64.22%),其中Rh系统患者最多,达121例(38.67%)。针对不规则抗体检出率,外科(0.53%)显著高于内科(0.25%)与妇产科(0.36%)(P<0.05);女性(0.43%)高于男性(0.27%)(P<0.05);有输血、妊娠史患者高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:有必要常规开展除ABO和RhD以外抗原(尤其是RhE抗原)的检测及其同型输注,以减少Rh系统不规则抗体的产生,进一步保障患者输血安全。Objective:To explore the production,distribution and clinical significance of irregular antibodies in patients before blood transfusion.Methods:Micro-column gel anti human globulin card was used to screen and identify the specificity of irregular antibodies in 85645 patients before blood transfusion.Results:The production rate of irregular antibody was 0.37%(313/85645).201 cases were specific antibodies(64.22%),and among which the Rh system has the biggest number of 121 cases(38.67%).As to the positive rate of irregular antibodies,surgery(0.53%)was significantly higher than internal medicine(0.25%)and gynecology and obstetrics(0.36%)(P<0.05);female(0.43%)was higher than male(0.27%)(P<0.05);patients with blood transfusion and pregnancy history was higher than control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In order to reduce the production of irregular antibodies in Rh system and further ensure the safety of blood transfusion,it is quite necessary to detect other antigens(especially RhE antigen)besides ABO and RhD antigen,and transfuse them with the same blood group type.

关 键 词：不规则抗体 微柱凝胶 RH血型 输血 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学] R392.1[医药卫生—临床医学]