天然多糖及衍生物在金属缓蚀剂中的研究进展  

Advance on Natural Polysaccharides and Its Derivatives in Metal Corrosion Inhibition

作　　者：郑云香[1] 王向鹏[1] 宗丽娜[1] ZHENG Yun-xiang;WANG Xiang-peng;ZONG Li-na(College of Chemical Engineering,Shengli College China University of Petroleum,Dongying 257061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学胜利学院化学工程学院,山东东营257061

出　　处：《表面技术》2021年第2期221-231,共11页Surface Technology

基　　金：大学生创新创业计划训练项目(2020007);中国石油大学胜利学院教学研究项目(JGYB201908)。

摘　　要：缓蚀剂是一种减缓金属在外界环境中发生腐蚀反应的有效物质。随着人类绿色环保意识的增强,来源广、可再生、易降解、含有大量活性吸附中心的天然大分子链多糖物质已成为目前环境友好型缓蚀剂的研究热点之一。概述了近几年国内外天然多糖及衍生物和复合材料在抑制金属腐蚀方面的研究,重点综述了淀粉、纤维素、壳聚糖和其他天然多糖类物质的分子结构特点及在不同腐蚀环境中对金属的缓蚀性能。在此基础上,梳理了各类天然多糖物质的化学改性合成方法及改性后各衍生物的缓蚀能力,简要介绍了部分基于多糖物质或其衍生物制备的复合材料在缓蚀领域的研究进展。同时,从吸附模型及吸附方式(物理吸附、化学吸附)等方面,归纳了多糖类物质保护金属的作用机制。最后,分析了各类多糖及衍生物在金属缓蚀方面所存在的几点不足,如单一未改性的天然物质缓蚀效果差,部分改性产品溶解性差,部分改性方法复杂,缓蚀机理研究较少等,并展望了各类多糖及衍生物在未来缓蚀剂领域的发展趋势。Corrosion inhibitor is an effective material to slow down the corrosion reaction of metals in the external environment.With the increasing awareness of environmental protection,the natural macromolecular chain polysaccharides,which are widely sourced,renewable,easy to degrade and contain a large number of active adsorption centers,have become one of the research hot spots of environmental friendly corrosion inhibitors.In this paper,the application of natural polysaccharides,its derivatives and composite materials in metal corrosion inhibition at home and abroad in recent years was summarized.The molecular structure characteristic and their corrosion resistance to metal in different corrosion environments of starch,cellulose chitosan and other natural polysaccharides were reviewed.On this basis,the synthetic methods of chemical modification of various natural polysaccharides and corrosion inhibition efficiency of the modified polysaccharides were summarized.The application of some composite materials based on polysaccharide or its derivatives in the field of corrosion inhibition was introduced.At the same time,the mechanism of protecting metals by polysaccharides was summarized from the aspects of adsorption model and adsorption mode(physical adsorption and chemical adsorption).Finally,some shortcomings of various polysaccharides and their derivatives in metal corrosion inhibition were analyzed,such as poor inhibition effect of single unmodified natural substance,poor solubility of some modified products,complex modification methods and less research on corrosion inhibition mechanism,and the development trend in the field of corrosion inhibitors in the future was prospected.

关 键 词：缓蚀剂 天然多糖 淀粉 纤维素 壳聚糖 衍生物 缓蚀机制 缓蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG174.42[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]