基于线粒体基因序列的中国橙黄豆粉蝶遗传分化和谱系生物地理研究  

Genetic differentiation and phylogeography of the pierid butterfly Colias fieldii(Pieridae:Coliadinae)in China based on mitochondrial gene sequences

作　　者：陈可可 罗阿蓉[2] 王运良 司成才 黄敦元 苏成勇[1] 郝家胜[1] 朱朝东[2] CHEN Ke-Ke;LUO A-Rong;WANG Yun-Liang;SI Cheng-Cai;HUANG Dun-Yuan;SU Cheng-Yong;HAO Jia-Sheng;ZHU Chao-Dong(College of Life Sciences,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,Anhui 241000,China;Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Life Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生命科学学院,安徽芜湖241000 [2]中国科学院动物研究所,动物系统学与进化重点实验室,北京100101 [3]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2020年第12期1525-1535,共11页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项课题(2018FY100405);国家自然科学基金项目(41172004,41472028)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析中国橙黄豆粉蝶Colias fieldii种群遗传多样性和遗传分化情况及其系统发生关系,推测其起源及分化时间,并探讨其历史生物地理分布格局的成因。【方法】对2006-2018年采集的中国23个橙黄豆粉蝶地理种群的115头个体样品的4个线粒体基因(COI,Cytb,NDI和ND5)序列进行PCR扩增和测序;采用MEGA v.7.0,DnaSP v.5.0和Arlequin v.3.5.1等软件分析其遗传多样性和遗传分化情况;以其他近缘豆粉蝶种类作为外类群,采用IQ-TREE,MrBayes v.3.1.2,Network v.4.6和BEAST v.1.8.3等软件重建橙黄豆粉蝶的系统发生树和单倍型网络图,并使用宽松分子钟以及前人的时间标定推测橙黄豆粉蝶的起源和分化时间;结合现今橙黄豆粉蝶的生物地理分布特点和第四纪以来的地球环境背景,探讨其历史生物地理分布格局及成因。【结果】橙黄豆粉蝶种群4个线粒体基因(COI,Cytb,NDI和ND5)片段长度分别为648,699,393和777 bp,这4个基因的串联序列总长为2517 bp,具有明显的AT偏倚特征。基于4个线粒体基因序列,供试橙黄豆粉蝶23个地理种群115头个体中共检测出18个单倍型,总群体的单倍型多样性(Hd)和核苷酸多样性(π)分别为0.677±0.048和0.00066±0.00007,呈现出较高的单倍型多样性和较低的核苷酸多样性。系统发育分析表明,橙黄豆粉蝶种群的18个单倍型分为2个具有明显地理分布格局的支系(Ⅰ和Ⅱ),支系Ⅰ包含13个单倍型,主要来自陕西、河南、甘肃、安徽、湖北、四川、青海及云南部分地区的种群;支系Ⅱ由5个单倍型组成,主要来自云南部分地区及西藏的种群;单倍型网络图与系统发生树结果一致。AMOVA分析结果表明,大部分的种群遗传分化(64.36%)来自于橙黄豆粉蝶种群两单倍型支系间,各分支内的遗传分化较小(35.64%)。中性检验和错配分布分析结果显示,单倍型支系Ⅰ的种群未发生过种群扩张事件,而单倍型支系Ⅱ的种群在【Aim】This study aims to explore the genetic diversity,genetic differentiation,and phylogenetic relationships among populations of the pierid butterfly Colias fieldii in China,to infer their origin and divergence time,and to preliminarily clarify the causes of their spatiotemporally evolutionary history.【Methods】The four mitochondrial gene(COI,Cytb,NDI and ND5)sequences of 115 individuals from 23 geographic populations of C.fieldii in China collected in 2006-2018 were amplified by PCR and sequenced.The genetic diversity and genetic differentiation were analyzed using MEGA v.7.0,DnaSP v.5.0,Arlequin v.3.5.1 and other genetic analysis software.Using the closest relatives as the outgroups,the phylogenetic trees and haplotype median-joining network of C.fieldii were reconstructed with such analytical software as IQ-TREE,MrBayes v.3.1.2,Network v.4.6 and BEAST v.1.8.3,and the origin and divergence time of C.fieldii were estimated by using relaxed molecular dating method and calibrations of the previous studies.Based on the present biogeographic distribution of C.fieldii and the main earth environmental events since the Quaternary Period,the spatio-temporal pattern of its biogeographic distribution and the underlying earth environmental factors were tentatively inferred.【Results】The aligned sizes of mitochondrial gene segments of COI,Cytb,NDI and ND5 of C.fieldii populations are 648,699,393 and 777 bp,respectively,and the concatenated sequence of the four genes is 2517 bp in length,which was shown to be significantly AT biased.In total,18 haplotypes based on the four mitochondrial gene sequences were found in 115 individuals of 23 geographic populations of C.fieldii,with the haplotype diversity(Hd)of 0.677±0.048 and nucleotide diversity(π)of 0.00066±0.00007 of the total population,showing a relatively high level of haplotype diversity and a low level of nucleotide diversity.The phylogenetic analysis showed that 18 haplotypes of C.fieldii populations were distinctly categorized into two large clades(clade�

关 键 词：橙黄豆粉蝶 遗传分化 单倍型 线粒体基因 分子年代测定 谱系生物地理学 中国 

分 类 号：Q963[生物学—昆虫学]