基于加权信息法的大孤山露天矿滑坡风险分析  

Risk Analysis of Landslide in Dagushan Open-pit Mine Based on Weighted Information Method

作　　者：李旭 于庆磊[1] 杨天鸿[1] 董鑫[1] 邓文学[1] LI Xu;YU Qinglei;YANG Tianhong;DONG Xin;DENG Wenxue(School of Resource&Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《金属矿山》2021年第2期186-193,共8页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(编号:02070071017003/001)。

摘　　要：大孤山露天矿现已进入深部开采阶段,伴随着露天矿坑的开采,一些不利于边坡稳定的因素大大增加了矿山发生边坡失稳的可能性,严重影响了矿山生产和人员安全。为此项目基于GIS(地理信息系统)独特的地形分析能力和矿山地质报告、开采最终境界等地质资料,对矿山进行坡度、坡向、高程、岩性、坡形、断层6个评价因子提取。利用层次分析法和信息量法进行评价因子统计计算并赋予各评价因子相应权重,再利用GIS软件进行栅格图的绘制。基于GIS软件的栅格地图代数运算功能将上述因子所对应的栅格图进行加权计算,得到边坡安全隐患程度的风险云图。将风险图进行栅格重分级,分为高风险区、次高风险区、中风险区、次中风险区、低风险区,得到最终矿坑滑坡风险分级图。经风险图显示,大孤山露天矿坑高风险区域占比7%,均集中在西北帮边坡。因此有必要结合工程实际对高风险处边坡进行边坡治理,从而达到预防灾害的目的。Dagushan open-pit mine has entered the deep mining level at present.During the open-pit mining,some potential risk factors have greatly increased the possibility of slope instability in the mine,that could seriously affect mine production and personnel safety.To this situation,Based on the unique terrain analysis capabilities of GIS(Geographic Information System)and geological data such as mine geological reports,mining final boundaries,etc.the six evaluation factors of slope angle,slope aspect,elevation,lithology,slope shape,and fault are extracted.At the same time,analytic hierarchy process and information quantity method are used to calculate the evaluation factors and assign the corresponding weight to each evaluation factor,and then the GIS software is adopted to draw the raster map.With a grid map algebra function of GIS software,the raster factor above is weighted to obtain the map of slope instability risk.The risk map is reclassified and divided into high risk area,second high risk area,medium risk area,second medium risk area,and low risk area to obtain the final risk classification map of pit landslide.According to the risk map,the high-risk areas of the mine accounted for 7%,all concentrated on the northwestern slope.It is necessary to treat the slopes in high-risk areas to achieve the purpose of preventing disasters,combining with the actual project.

关 键 词：GIS 加权信息量法 层次分析法 滑坡风险图 

分 类 号：TD854.6[矿业工程—金属矿开采]