银耳白霉病病原菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性  

Isolation and Identification of Pathogen Causing White Mold Disease of Tremella fuciformis and Its Biological Characteristics

作　　者：刘芳[1] 袁宗胜 严俊杰[1] 黄珊珊 谢宝贵[1] LIU Fang;YUAN Zong-sheng;YAN Jun-jie;HUANG Shan-shan;XIE Bao-gui(Mycolological Research Center,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Institute of Oceanography,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学菌物研究中心,福建福州350002 [2]闽江学院海洋研究院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2021年第2期83-87,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

摘　　要：2017年在福建省三明市尤溪县的一个菇房内发现了银耳白霉病。通过组织分离的方法分离了该白霉病的病原菌,并按照科赫氏法则确认了所分离的病原菌为致病菌。通过对该病原菌rDNA-ITS序列进行分析、在NCBI上进行比对,并通过MEGA 5.0软件采用最大似然法构建系统发育树,确定该病原物属于黑粉菌属(Melanotaenium)。对该病原菌生物学特性的研究结果表明:病原菌菌丝在15~30℃均可生长,最适生长温度为25℃;病原菌菌丝在pH 4.5~10.0内均能生长,最适pH值为4.5;病原菌菌丝可利用多种氮源和碳源,其中对氮源硝酸钠和碳源淀粉的利用率最高。In 2017, the white mould disease of Tremella fuciformis was found in the mushroom factory in Youxi County, Sanming City, Fujian Province. The pathogen of the white mold disease was isolated by tissue isolation method, and the pathogen was identified as pathogenic fungi according to Koch’s law. The rDNA-ITS sequence of the pathogen was analyzed and compared on NCBI. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by the maximum likelihood method and MEGA 5.0 software, and the pathogen was identified as a fungus of the genus Melanotaenium. Through the study of the biological characteristics of the pathogenic fungi, the results showed that the pathogenic mycelia could grow at 15~30 ℃, and the optimal growth temperature was 25 ℃. The pathogenic mycelia could grow at pH 4.5~10.0, and the optimal pH was 4.5. Pathogens could use a variety of nitrogen and carbon sources. Among them, sodium nitrate and starch had the highest utilization rate.

关 键 词：银耳 白霉病 病原菌 分离鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S435.673[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]