我国医疗废物产生与处置情况的测算分析  

Calculation and analysis of the production and disposal of medical waste in China

作　　者：蒋越 JIANG Yue(Research Institute of Technical Development Beijing Machinery Industry Bureau,Beijing 100061,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市机械工业局技术开发研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2021年第1期88-93,共6页Energy Environmental Protection

摘　　要：选取医疗卫生机构就诊人数、住院人数和住院天数作为主要影响因素,分级确定医疗废物产污系数,对2018年各省市医疗废物实际产生量进行测算,计算了医疗废物实际处理率,绘制了全国医疗废物处理市场竞争格局气泡图。结果表明:2018年医疗废物实际产生量约为134.4万吨,比生态环境部发布的全国200个样本城市产生量多了52.7万吨;2018年全国医疗废物经营单位实际处置量为98万吨,实际处理率约为72.9%;根据气泡图划分的四个市场区域,企业应优先在“市场待开发区域”内新建医疗废物处置设施。Taking the number of hospital visits and inpatients and hospitalization days in medical and health institutions as the main factors,the pollution-producing coefficient of medical waste was determined by classification.The actual amount of medical waste generated in each province in 2018 and the actual treatment rate of medical waste were calculated.In addition,a bubble chart of competition pattern of the national medical waste treatment market was plotted.The results showed that the actual amount of medical waste produced in 2018 was about 1.344 million tons,which was 527,000 tons more than that of 200 sample cities in China released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China.In 2018,980,000 tons medical waste were actually disposed by the medical waste management companies in China.The actual treatment rate of medical waste in 2018 was about 72.9%.According to the four market areas divided by the bubble chart,medical waste management companies are suggested to build new medical waste disposal facilities in the"market to be developed area"first.

关 键 词：医疗废物产生量 医疗废物处理 产污系数 市场竞争格局 气泡图 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]