溶剂化电子研究的前沿进展  

An overview of solvated electrons: recent advances

作　　者：胡长江 马骏 HU Changjiang;MAJun(College of Materials Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院,南京230026

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2021年第1期1-14,共14页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11975122、21906083);江苏省自然科学基金(BK2019030384)资助。

摘　　要：溶剂化电子是自然界中最小的阴离子和最强的还原性粒子,也是辐射化学反应过程中重要的活性物质。溶剂化电子的研究将为溶液自由基反应、乏燃料后处理中溶剂与萃取剂的辐射化学、生命过程的电荷转移与电荷传输等领域提供关键信息,因此是有机化学、无机化学、辐射化学和放射生物学研究中的重要课题。近年来,随着短脉冲激光技术的新一轮革命,有关溶剂化电子的研究迎来了新的一轮爆发增长期。为此,本文力图概述当前溶剂化电子研究的前沿进展,主要内容涉及溶剂化电子结合能的测定、溶剂化电子的表面态以及预溶剂化电子和准自由电子与核苷酸分子的反应动力学等。Solvated electrons are the smallest and most reductive particles in nature,and also are the important reactive species in radiation chemistry.The study of solvated electrons will provide key information for the field of free-radical reactions,the radiation effects of solvents and extractants in spent fuel post-treatment,and electron transfer and transport occuring in life activities etc.Therefore,it has been a subject of intense interests in disciplines of organic chemistry,inorganic chemistry,radiation chemistry and radiation biology.Owning to the accelarated advances achievied in ultrashort pulse laser technology,there has been an increasing understanding solvated electron in recent years.This paper will briefly introduce the context of these updated knowledges.It includes the study of determination of the binding energy of solvated electrons,the surface-bound states of solvated electrons,and the kinetics of pre-solvated electrons and quasi-free electrons with nucleotide molecules in solutions.

关 键 词：溶剂化电子 结合能 液相光电子能谱法 脉冲辐解 

分 类 号：TL13[核科学技术—核能科学]