含咪唑结构高强高模聚酰亚胺纤维的制备及其结构与性能  

Preparation,structure and properties of high-strength high-moduluspolyimide fibers containing benzimidazole moiety

作　　者：郑森森 郭涛 董杰[1,2] 王士华 张清华[1,2] ZHENG Sensen;GUO Tao;DONG Jie;WANG Shihua;ZHANG Qinghua(College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai201620, China;Jiangsu Aoshen Hi-Tech Materials Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620 [3]江苏奥神新材料股份有限公司,江苏连云港222000

出　　处：《纺织学报》2021年第2期7-11,20,共6页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51903038,21774019,21975040)。

摘　　要：为增强聚酰亚胺纤维的力学性能,促进其在复合材料领域的应用,基于高性能聚合物纤维的结构设计,将杂环二胺单体5-氨基-2-(对氨基苯基)苯并咪唑引入到3,3′,4,4′-联苯四羧酸二酐和对苯二胺的聚酰亚胺刚性骨架中得到纺丝溶液,通过干法纺丝技术制备得到聚酰亚胺纤维,研究了纤维化学结构和聚集态结构与纤维力学性能的关系,并系统评价了纤维的热性能和抗紫外光辐照性能。结果表明:聚酰亚胺纤维的拉伸强度和初始模量分别达到4.04、130 GPa,这得益于其聚合物分子链沿纤维轴向的高度取向性及分子链间形成的氢键作用;其玻璃化转变温度和热质量损失10%时温度分别为324、587℃,经168 h紫外光辐照后,拉伸强度保持率为92%,具有良好的耐热性和优异的抗紫外光辐照性能。In order to improve the mechanical properties of polyimide(PI)fibers and promote their applications for composites,the spinning dopes were synthesized by an aromatic heterocyclic diamine monomer of 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzimidazole(BIA)with rigid polyimide backbones of 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride(BPDA)and p-phenylene diamine(p-PDA),which were based on a structural design of high-performance polymeric fibers.The PI fibers were prepared via dry-spinning the BPDA-PDA-BIA solution.The relationships between mechanical properties of the fibers and chemical construction and aggregation structure were studied.In addition,the thermal properties and ultraviolet(UV)irradiation resistance of the fibers were evaluated systematically.The results show that the PI fibers reach the optimum tensile strength and initial modulus of 4.04 and 130 GPa,respectively,mainly due to the high orientation of the polymer chains along the fiber direction and the intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions.The glass-transition and 10%-weight-loss temperature of the PI-4 fiber are 324 and 587℃,and the fiber retains 92%of its tensile strength after 168 h of UV irradiation,indicating prominent UV irradiation resistance and excellent thermal stability.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺纤维 干法纺丝 聚集态结构 抗紫外光辐照性能 高强高模 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]