基于数值仿真的飞机雷电流传导通路评估方法  

Evaluation Method of Aircraft Lightning Current Conduction Path Based on Numerical Simulation

作　　者：甄国帅 臧家左[1] 祁雪峰 ZHEN Guoshuai;ZANG Jiazuo;QI Xuefeng(Aeronautic Science Key Laboratory Electromagnetic Environment Effects,Shenyang Aircraft Design&Research Institute,Shenyang 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳飞机设计研究所电磁环境效应航空科技重点实验室,沈阳110000

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2021年第1期136-142,151,共8页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

摘　　要：飞行器的雷电防护设计和验证是保障飞行员及飞机安全的必要措施,尤其是随着雷电防护能力较差的复合材料广泛应用。复合材料对雷电流的传导能力远弱于金属,需要为雷电流传导提供额外的通路。本文从国内相关研究极少提及的飞机内部结构电磁建模出发,提出一套飞机内部结构的电磁建模及精度控制方法;构建F22飞机左机翼到右机翼的内部金属结构作为雷电流传导通路,基于通用电磁仿真软件进行飞机雷电间接效应仿真;对复合材料蒙皮、金属网蒙皮、金属网蒙皮加内部金属结构三种情况下飞机内部的电磁场及线缆耦合仿真结果进行对比。结果表明:合理的雷电流传导通路设计能够使飞机内部线缆感应的电流强度减半,起到良好的雷电防护效果;该评估方法适用于固定翼飞机的雷电流传导通路设计,能够作为飞机机载设备雷电间接效应试验指标分配的参考依据,便于定位飞机雷电间接效应防护的薄弱环节。The lightning protection design and verification of aircraft are necessary measures to ensure the safety of pilots and aircraft,especially with the poor lightning protection ability of composite materials.The conductivity of the composite is weaker than that of the metal,which needs to provide additional pathways for the lightning current conduction.Based on the electromagnetic modeling of aircraft internal structure rarely mentioned in domestic related research,a set of electromagnetic modeling and precision control method for aircraft internal structure is proposed,and the internal metal structure from left wing to right wing of F22 aircraft is constructed as lightning current conduction path.The indirect effect of aircraft lightning is simulated based on general electromagnetic simulation software.The simulation results of electromagnetic field and cable coupling in aircraft interior under three conditions of composite skin,metal mesh skin,and metal mesh skin with internal metal structure are compared.The results show that the reasonable lightning current conduction path design can reduce the current intensity induced by the cable inside the aircraft by half,and play a good lightning protection effect.The proposed evaluation method is suitable for the lightning current conduction path design of fixed wing aircraft,can be taken as the indexes distribution reference frame of aircraft airborne equipment lightning indirect effect test,and is convenient for locating the weak links of aircraft lightning indirect effect protection.

关 键 词：雷电防护 数值仿真 传导通路设计 

分 类 号：V244.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]