不同螺栓预紧力的水轮机顶盖及螺栓的静应力分析  

Static Stress Analysis of Top Cover and Connecting Bolts on Kaplan Turbine under Different Bolts Preload

作　　者：钱巨林 葛新峰[2] 祝双桔 张斌 蔡建国 化洪昌 曹中成 李德 徐旭 QIAN Julin;GE Xinfeng;ZHU Shuangju;ZHANG Bin;CAI Jianguo;HUA Hongchang;CAO Zhongcheng;LI De;XU Xu(Fuchunjiang Hydropower Plant,State Grid Xinyuan Hydropower Co.,Ltd.,Tonglu 311504,China;College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Chongqing Shipping Construction Development Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401121,China)

机构地区：[1]国网新源水电有限公司富春江水力发电厂,浙江桐庐311504 [2]河海大学能源与电气学院,江苏南京210098 [3]重庆航运建设发展(集团)有限公司,重庆401121

出　　处：《机械与电子》2021年第2期12-16,共5页Machinery & Electronics

基　　金：国网新源科技项目(525688170003);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51579080);中央高校基本科研业务费(2015B02814)。

摘　　要：使用ANSYS有限元软件建立了某电站轴流式水轮机顶盖及螺栓的模型,研究了不同预紧力工况下顶盖及螺栓的变形和应力分布。结果表明:顶盖应力梯度较大处主要存在于内顶盖上盖板、内外顶盖法兰螺栓把合处以及开孔两端,螺栓同时承受轴向荷载和弯矩的作用,螺栓横截面应力存在不均匀性;顶盖局部应力与预紧力敏感性比较弱,螺栓应力变化敏感,螺栓预紧力的敏感性依次为短筋板、上盖板、长筋板。ANSYS was used to establish the model of head bolts of a Kaplan turbine and combined with the boundary conditions and constraints of the top cover and connecting bolts,the deformation and the stress distribution under different preloading conditions were studied.The results show that the larger stress gradient mainly concentrates on the places of upper cover plate,joint of the flange bolts,long radial stiffeners and short radial stiffeners in emergency shutdown condition.Stress of the upper cover plate,long radial stiffeners and short radial stiffeners do not change obviously with the increase of bolts preload,but the bolts stress is almost proportional to bolts preload.In the three structures,short radial stiffeners are more sensitive to the change of bolts preload,followed by upper cover plate and long radial stiffeners.

关 键 词：轴流式水轮机 顶盖 顶盖螺栓 预紧力 应力 

分 类 号：TK733.3[交通运输工程—轮机工程]