粗饲料促进犊牛瘤胃发育的研究进展  

Research Progress on Rumen Development of Calves Promoted by Forage

作　　者：张鑫玥 何丽华 张永根[1] 辛杭书[1] ZHANG Xinyue;HE Lihua;ZHANG Yonggen;XIN Hangshu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;College of Agriculture and Husbandry,Liaoning Vocational College of Ecological Engineering,Shenyang 110122,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]辽宁生态工程职业学院农牧学院,沈阳110122

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第2期710-718,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31702135);国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-36);黑龙江奶牛协同创新体系。

摘　　要：犊牛瘤胃发育与其免疫机能和生长性能紧密关联,瘤胃组织形态变化、发酵情况以及微生物区系的建立是评定瘤胃发育的重要指标。粗饲料中的纤维供给对犊牛瘤胃的健康发育起着重要的作用,增加优质粗饲料的饲喂,可以增大犊牛瘤胃容量,促进瘤胃乳头生长,并且会使瘤胃微生物区系变得更加丰富。然而,粗饲料种类繁多,且在生产中其适宜的添加水平和切割长度均不相同,对犊牛瘤胃的影响也不一致。本文综述了粗饲料来源、添加水平以及物理切割长度对犊牛瘤胃组织发育、发酵参数及微生物区系的影响,为在犊牛生产中合理利用粗饲料提供参考。Rumen development is closely related to immune function and growth performance in calves,and rumen morphology,fermentation and the establishment of microflora are significant factors to evaluate rumen development.The dietary fiber provision plays an important role in the development of the rumen in calves.For instance,adding high-quality forage in the diet can increase the rumen capacity,improve the growth of rumen papilla as well as enrich the rumen microflora of calves.However,in dairy industry,there are so many kinds of forages with different supplementary levels and physical length,which would significantly affect rumen development in calves during early life.In this review,we summarized the effects of different forage source,supplementary level and physical length on rumen morphology,fermentation parameters and microflora in calves,which would be helpful for efficient utilization of forage in calve feeding.

关 键 词：粗饲料 犊牛 瘤胃发育 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]