不同非纤维性碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维饲粮对高原型藏羊复胃形态发育的影响  

Effects of Diets with Different Ratios of Non-Fibrous Carbohydrate to Neutral Detergent Fiber on Morphological Development of Compound Stomach of Plateau Type Tibetan Sheep

作　　者：周力 李雪清 王志有[1] 侯生珍[1] 杨葆春[1] 桂林生 ZHOU Li;LI Xueqing;WANG Zhiyou;HOU Shengzhen;YANG Baochun;GUI Linsheng(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [2]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2021年第2期986-998,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：青海省农牧业科技创新平台(QNKP20180602);藏羊高效养殖技术集成与示范推广(091721301064071017);黑藏羊高效繁育基地与产业化项目(2020GN118)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究不同非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)/中性洗涤纤维(NDF)饲粮对育成期高原型藏羊复胃形态发育的影响。选择2~4胎次、体况良好、体重[(26.38±0.43)kg]相近的4月龄高原型藏羊30只,依据性别分为3个公羊组(M1组、M2组、M3组)和3个母羊组(F1组、F2组、F3组),每组5只,分别饲喂NFC/NDF为2.20(精粗比为70∶30,F1组和M1组)、1.39(精粗比为50∶50,F2组和M2组)和0.92(精粗比为30∶70,F3组和M3组)的试验饲粮。饲养试验的试验期为105 d,其中预试期为15 d,正试期为90 d。结果显示:1)瘤胃组织形态方面,公羊的角质层厚度、颗粒层厚度、乳头长度、乳头宽度、肌层厚度及中央肌层厚度与饲粮NFC/NDF呈负相关;F3组母羊的角质层厚度、颗粒层厚度、乳头长度、乳头宽度及肌层厚度显著大于F1组(P<0.05)。2)网胃组织形态方面,M3组公羊的角质层厚度、颗粒层厚度和乳头宽度显著大于M1组(P<0.05);F3组母羊的角质层厚度、颗粒层厚度、乳头长度、乳头宽度与中央肌层厚度显著大于F1组(P<0.05)。3)瓣胃组织形态方面,藏羊的角质层厚度、颗粒层厚度、乳头长度、乳头宽度、肌层厚度和中央肌层厚度均随饲粮NFC/NDF的减小而增大,其中F3组母羊的中央肌层厚度显著大于F1组(P<0.05)。4)皱胃组织形态方面,公羊的角质层厚度、黏膜层厚度、黏膜下层厚度及肌层厚度均以M3组最大,其中M2组和M3组公羊的黏膜下层厚度显著大于M1组(P<0.05);F3组母羊的黏膜层厚度、黏膜下层厚度以及肌层厚度均显著大于F1组和F2组(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮NFC/NDF影响高原型藏羊瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃和皱胃的组织形态,饲喂NFC/NDF为0.92饲粮的藏羊的复胃形态发育优于饲喂NFC/NDF为2.20和1.39饲粮的藏羊。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of diets with different ratios of non-fibrous carbohydrate to neutral detergent fiber(NFC/NDF)on the morphological development of compound stomach of plateau type Tibetan sheep.Thirty healthy 4-month-old Tibetan sheep with 2 to 4 parities under similar body weight[(26.38±0.43)kg]were randomly divided into six groups according to gender:three raw groups(M1 group,M2 group and M3 group)and three ewe group(F1 group,F2 group and F3 group),and each group had five sheep.They were fed diets with NFC/NDF of 2.20(concentrate to forage ratio of 70∶30,F1 group and M1 group),1.39(concentrate to forage ratio of 50∶50,F2 group and M2 group)and 0.92(concentrate to forage ratio of 30∶70,F3 group and M3 group),respectively.The feeding experiment was conducted for a period of 105 d,including 15 d pre-test period and 90 d test period.The results showed as follows:1)for the tissue morphology of rumen,the corneum thickness,granular layer thickness,nipple length,nipple width,muscular thickness and central muscular thickness of rams were negatively correlated with dietary NFC/NDF;the corneum thickness,granular layer thickness,nipple length,nipple width and muscular thickness of ewes in F3 group were significantly greater than those in F1 group(P<0.05).2)For the tissue morphology of reticulum,the corneum thickness,granular layer thickness and nipple width of rams in M3 group were significantly greater than those in M1 group(P<0.05);the corneum thickness,granular layer thickness,papilla length,papilla width and central muscular thickness of ewes in F3 group were significantly greater than those in F1 group(P<0.05).3)For the tissue morphology of omasum,the corneum thickness,granular layer thickness,papilla length,papilla width,muscular thickness and central muscular thickness of Tibetan sheep increased with the decrease of dietary NFC/NDF.The central muscular thickness of ewes in F3 group was significantly greater than that in F1 group(P<0.05).4)For the tissue morphology of abo

关 键 词：饲粮精粗比 NFC/NDF 高原型藏羊 复胃 组织形态 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]