高铁锻钢制动盘热疲劳裂纹扩展仿真及寿命评价  

Thermal fatigue cracking simulation and the remaining life of high-speed railway forged steel brake discs

作　　者：王连庆[1] 吴圣川[2] 胡雅楠[2] 秦庆斌 钱坤才 WANG Lian-qing;WU Sheng-chuan;HU Ya-nan;QIN Qing-bin;QIAN Kun-Cai(State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metal&Materials,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213011,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [3]中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司,常州213011

出　　处：《计算力学学报》2021年第1期90-95,共6页Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics

基　　金：中国国家铁路总公司科技研究开发计划系统性重大课题(P2018J003,P2019J002).

摘　　要：巨大的制动热能导致高铁制动盘面出现热斑或热点,形成沿径向扩展的热疲劳裂纹,严重危及行车安全。通过仿真获得热疲劳裂纹扩展规律,据此制定出合适、经济的检测周期,具有重要意义。基于断裂力学理论,采用扩展有限单元法和自主研发的裂尖网格加密技术,得到热点形成规律,植入半椭圆形裂纹进行热疲劳断裂仿真,得到制动速度为400 km/h时的裂纹扩展寿命曲线,预测结果与制动盘运用寿命基本一致。仿真结果为制动盘轻量化设计、服役寿命评估及无损检测方案制定提供了重要的理论支撑。A huge amount of energy due to emergency braking is generated and that macro hot spots and radial thermal cracks take place on the friction surface,which seriously threats the safety of high-speed railway vehicles.It is therefore of vital importance to accurately predict the thermal cracking for a suitable inspection.The classical finite element method based thermal crack growth simulation produces both lower computational efficiency and convergence.The current paper focuses on high-speed railway forged steel brake discs.Macro hot spots due to braking are firstly rebuilt based on fracture mechanics.A semi-elliptical crack is then assumed at the peak temperature region to carry out thermal fatigue cracking simulation by using extended finite element method (XFEM) and virtual node method (VPM).Fatigue life curves between braking times and crack length are acquired under the braking speed 400 km/h and the prediction agrees well with the service life.Results provide theoretical support for the lightweight design,service life assessment and inspection maintenance.

关 键 词：制动盘 热应力 扩展有限元法 损伤容限 疲劳裂纹 

分 类 号：U270.351[机械工程—车辆工程] O346.4[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]