花鲈Argonaute基因家族的快速进化与表达分析  

Rapid Evolution of Argonaute Family and Its Expression in Spotted Sea Bass(Lateolabrax maculatus)

作　　者：刘赛赛 刘泽宇[1] 蒋朴莹 陆维[1] 张全启[1,2] 程洁 LIU Sai-Sai;LIU Ze-Yu;JIANG Pu-Ying;LU Wei;ZHANG Quan-Qi;CHENG Jie(Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生物遗传学与育种教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期65-79,共15页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31702331);国家海水鱼产业技术体系项目(CARS-47-G06);国家科技资源共享服务平台-国家海洋水产种质资源库项目资助。

摘　　要：RNA干扰(RNA interfering,RNAi)是广泛存在于动植物等生物中的一种高度保守、序列特异的RNA降解机制。Argonaute蛋白是RNAi途径的关键组成部分,其结构、功能和进化模式在无脊椎动物中已得到广泛研究,但在脊椎动物特别是硬骨鱼中的报道还十分有限。本研究从已测序物种的基因组中鉴定了12种哺乳动物和15种硬骨鱼的Argonaute家族基因。通过拷贝数、系统发生和共线性分析,本文验证了在脊椎动物中存在两个保守的Argonaute亚家族,即miRNA/siRNA介导的AGO亚家族和piRNA介导的PIWI亚家族。硬骨鱼类多样的繁殖发育方式是其生殖能力最大化的适应机制。为比较硬骨鱼中piRNA途径和miRNA/siRNA途径的功能和进化差异,本文对硬骨鱼(包括花鲈)和哺乳动物中的piRNA途径基因进行了全面的分子进化分析,并将这些基因与miRNA/siRNA途径中的Ago基因进行比较。结果表明硬骨鱼类的piRNA途径具有快速进化的特征,这可能适应了硬骨鱼基因组转座子数量大、种类多的特点。通过转录组分析,我们进一步证实了piRNA途径基因在四种硬骨鱼中的生殖特异性表达,预示其可能在配子发生过程中发挥作用。本研究为进一步解析硬骨鱼中piRNA途径基因的进化模式及其在鱼类生殖发育中的调控作用提供理论基础。RNA interference(RNAi)is a highly conserved and sequence-specific RNA silencing mechanism ubiquitously existing in eukaryotes such as animals and plants.Argonaute protein is the key component of RNAi,whose structure,function,and evolutionary pattern have been widely studied in invertebrates,but with limited information in vertebrates,especially in teleosts.In this study,Argonaute genes were identified from reported genomic resources of 12 mammals and 15 teleost species.Through copy number,phylogeny,and synteny analysis,two conserved Argonaute sub-families were identified in vertebrates,namely the AGO sub-family mediated by miRNA/siRNA and the PIWI sub-family mediated by piRNA.The diverse sexual development patterns of teleosts are adaptive for maximizing their reproductive capacity.To compare the functional and evolutionary differences between piRNA pathway and miRNA/siRNA pathway,we conducted a comprehensive molecular evolution analysis of Ago and piRNA pathway genes in teleosts including spotted sea bass(Lateolabrax maculatus)and mammals,and made a comparison with Ago genes in miRNA/siRNA pathway.The results indicated a faster evolution of piRNA pathway in teleosts than in mammals,which may be related to the abundancy and varieties of transposable elements in teleosts.RNA-seq analysis further revealed the gonadal-specific expression of piRNA pathway genes in four teleost species,which may play a crucial role in gonadal development and gametogenesis.This study will provide more insights into the understanding of evolutionary patterns and regulatory roles of piRNA genes in teleosts.

关 键 词：Argonaute家族 RNAI 分子进化 配子发生 花鲈 

分 类 号：Q341[生物学—遗传学]