小脑浅静脉的显微解剖及临床意义  

Microanatomy of superficial cerebellar veins and its clinical significance

作　　者：贤俊民[1] 李进军 张宏图[1] 郭西文[1] 梁宪坤[1] 张全忠[1] 丰育功[2] XIAN Jun-min;LI Jin-jun;ZHANG Hong-tu;GUO Xi-wen;LIANG Xian-kun;ZHANG Quan-zhong;FENG Yu-gong(Department of Neurosurgery,Heze Municipal Hospital,Heze 274031,China;Department of Neurosurgery,The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]菏泽市立医院神经外科,山东274031 [2]青岛大学附属医院神经外科,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国临床神经外科杂志》2021年第2期98-100,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Neurosurgery

摘　　要：目的观察小脑浅静脉的显微解剖结构。方法利用20具(40侧)尸头标本,动、静脉分别用红蓝色乳胶灌注,在显微镜下观察小脑浅静脉的构成并测量相关的数据。结果小脑浅静脉的构成中,15具标本的小脑中央前静脉纤细,外径平均为(1.1±0.14)mm;5具标本粗大,外径平均为(2.0±0.20)mm。20具标本(40侧)小脑前静脉均可见,管径平均为(1.05±0.31)mm。上蚓静脉前组共51支,主干外径平均为(0.9±0.30)mm;上蚓静脉后组65支,外径平均为(0.9±0.33)mm。小脑半球上表面的静脉:前组共31支,管径平均为(1.3±0.13)mm;后组共68支,管径平均为(1.3±0.21)mm;小脑后下静脉共82支,主干外径平均为(1.9±0.23)mm,分支外径平均为(1.3±0.35)mm。结论小脑静脉管径较细,构成变异性大,但其静脉的分布及走行仍有规律可寻。这对小脑及脑干病变手术入路的设计可提供形态学上的帮助,有利于静脉的保护,减少手术并发症。Objective To observe the microsurgical anatomy of superficial cerebellar veins and disscuss its clinical significance.Methods Twenty(40 sides)cadaver heads were used,and the arteries and veins were perfused with red and blue latex,respectively.Under the microscope,the composition of the superficial cerebellum was observed.The related data of venous constitution of the superficial cerebellum were measured.Results Precentral cerebellar veins were slender in 15 cadaver heads with a mean outer diameter of(1.1±0.14)mm,and large in another 5 heads with a mean outer diameter of(2.0±0.20)mm.The anterior cerebellar veins were seen in all the heads,and the mean outer diameter was(1.05±0.31)mm.The anterior group of superior vermis veins included 51 branches and the mean outer diameter was(0.9±0.30)mm.The posterior group of superior vermis veins included 65 branches,and the mean outer diameter was(0.9±0.33)mm.The anterior group of the veins on upper surface of cerebellar hemisphere included 31 branches,and the mean outer diameter was(1.3±0.13)mm.The posterior group of the veins on upper surface of cerebellar hemisphere included 68 branches,and the mean outer diameter was(1.3±0.21)mm.The posterior inferior cerebellar veins included 82 branches,and the mean outer diameter of the trunk was(1.9±0.23)mm,and the mean outer diameter of branch was(1.3±0.35)mm.Conclusions The diameters of cerebellar veins were relatively small and the variation of their composition was large,but the distribution and course of these veins were still regular,which can provide morphological help for the design of the surgical approach for the cerebellar and brainstem lesions,so as to facilitate the protection of the veins and reduce the surgical complications.

关 键 词：脑静脉 小脑浅静脉 神经解剖学 显微手术 

分 类 号：R651.1[医药卫生—外科学]