IFC数据模型至关系型数据库模型的自动映射  

Automated mapping from an IFC data model to a relational database model

作　　者：郭红领[1] 周颖 叶啸天 罗柱邦 薛帆 GUO Hongling;ZHOU Ying;YE Xiaotian;LUO Zhubang;XUE Fan(Department of Construction Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Real Estate and Construction,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学建设管理系,北京100084 [2]香港大学房地产与建设系,香港999077

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期152-160,共9页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51578318,51208282);清华大学-广联达建筑信息模型联合研究中心资助项目;清华大学自主科研计划资助项目(2019Z02HKU)。

摘　　要：建筑信息模型(BIM)为建筑业信息化提供重要支撑,而工业基础类(IFC)作为国际通用的数据模型,则为BIM的研究与应用提供了有效支持。然而,IFC的局限性使其不宜作为信息系统二次开发时数据存储的主要形式。为此,该文提出一种自动映射方法,实现IFC数据模型到关系型数据库模型的自动映射。根据IFC数据模型结构,依次定义实体、类型、函数、规则、属性集和数量集的映射规则,实现数据解析、数据映射存取和信息检索处理。通过2个案例探索映射得到的关系型数据库的专业应用前景,结果表明:映射得到的关系型数据库在信息传递完整性和数据管理效率方面均优于直接操作IFC文件,不仅能提高BIM数据管理的完整性和效率,还能促进智能建造的拓展应用和建筑业信息化的发展。Building information modelling(BIM)is important in the construction industry,while industry foundation classes(IFC),an international data exchange model,are widely used for BIM research and applications.However,the limitations of IFC complicate the use of IFC as the main data format for redevelopment projects.Therefore,an automatic mapping method is developed to map an IFC data model to a relational database model.The IFC data model mapping has mapping rules for entity,type,function,rule,property set,and quantity set for the data analysis,data mapping,and information retrieval.Two tests are conducted to evaluate the validity of this method.The results show that the relational database provides better information integrity and data management than the IFC files with the mapping improving the integrity and efficiency of the BIM data management and also promoting the use of intelligent construction methods as well as the development of informatization in the construction industry.

关 键 词：建筑信息模型(BIM) 工业基础类(IFC) 关系型数据库 自动映射 

分 类 号：TU71[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]