羽毛球和太极拳运动对湿热型和阳虚型体质大学生身体机能的影响  

Effects of Badminton and Tai Chi on Physical Function of College Students with Damp-heat Constitution or Yang-deficiency Constitution

作　　者：何栩[1] 虞亚明[1] 崔迪 罗小兵[1] 路怀民[1] 周文琪[1] 高丕明 虞多多 黄美州 HE Xu;YU Yaming;CUI Di;LUO Xiaobing;LU Huaimin;ZHOU Wenqi;GAO Piming;YU Duoduo;HUANG Meizhou(Department of Sports Medicine,Sichuan Provincial Orthopedics Hospital,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省骨科医院运动医学科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2021年第3期388-392,共5页Henan Medical Research

基　　金：四川省中医药管理局项目(2014SZZ023);四川省科技厅科技支撑项目(2014SZ0003);第六批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作项目。

摘　　要：目的观察不同强度运动(羽毛球、太极拳)对不同体质(湿热型、阳虚型)大学生身体机能的影响。方法将符合要求的湿热型体质大学生48名随机分为湿热太极拳组和湿热羽毛球组,同时将符合要求的阳虚体质大学生48名随机分为阳虚太极拳组和阳虚羽毛球组,太极拳组进行太极拳运动,羽毛球组进行羽毛球运动。运动时间为24周,每周3次,运动时间为60 min。观察两组运动前、第24周末BMI、体脂率、骨骼肌含量、腰臀比指数、最大摄氧量、中医体质评分等指标,对大强度运动(羽毛球)、小强度运动(太极拳)分别对实性(湿热)、虚性(阳虚)体质产生的影响进行客观评价。结果运动前4组的BMI、体脂率、骨骼肌含量、腰臀比指数、最大摄氧量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。运动24周后,湿热羽毛球组、阳虚体质太极拳组、阳虚体质羽毛球组体脂率较运动前下降,湿热体质羽毛球组、阳虚体质太极拳组最大摄氧量较运动前提升(P<0.05)。与运动前比较,4组受试者体脂率、最大摄氧量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4组受试者干预后中医体质改善率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),湿热体质羽毛球组中医体质改善率高于湿热体质太极拳组(P<0.05),阳虚体质太极拳组中医体质改善率高于湿热体质太极拳组(P<0.05)。4组受试者干预后体质优良率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),湿热体质羽毛球组、阳虚体质太极拳组优良率高于湿热体质太极拳组(P<0.05),湿热体质羽毛球组、阳虚体质太极拳组优良率高于阳虚体质羽毛球组(P<0.05)。结论对于湿热体质人群,大强度运动(羽毛球)较小强度运动(太极拳)更能改善其偏颇体质并促进机能提高;对于阳虚体质人群,小强度运动(太极拳)较大强度运动(羽毛球)更能改善其偏颇体质并促进机能提高。Objective To observe the effects of two different types of strength exercises including badminton and tai chi on physical function of college students with different constitutions including damp-heat type and yang-deficiency type.Methods A total of 48 college students with damp-heat constitution were randomly divided into two groups(damp-heat tai chi group and damp-heat badminton group).A total of 48 college students with yang-deficiency constitution were also randomly divided into two groups(yang-deficiency tai chi group and yang-deficiency badminton group).Tai chi group was required to play tai chi while the badminton group was required to play badminton.All the subjects were required to keep their exercise for 60 minutes at each time.The frequency of exercise was 3 times a week,and lasted for 24 weeks.Those data from those four groups were all tested before and after 24 weeks exercise including BMI,body fat percentage,skeletal muscle content,waist-hip ratio,maximum oxygen uptake,TCM body mass accumulation and other indicators.The effects of high-intensity exercise(badminton)and small-intensity exercise(tai chi)were supposed to be evaluated on excess syndrome(damp-heat)and deficiency syndrome(yang-deficiency)types separately.Results Before exercise,there were no differences among these four groups in BMI,body fat percentage,skeletal muscle content,waist-hip ratio,and maximum oxygen uptake(P>0.05).After 24 weeks of exercise,compared with the data tested before the exercise,the percentage of body fat was decreased in the damp-heat badminton group,yang-deficiency tai chi group,yang-deficiency badminton group and the maximum oxygen uptake was higher in the damp-heat badminton group,yang-deficiency tai chi group(P<0.05).After 24 weeks of exercise,there were differences in body fat percentage and maximum oxygen uptake in the four groups of subjects(P<0.05).There was difference in the improvement rate of TCM constitution among the four groups after intervention(P<0.05).The improvement rate of TCM constitution of damp-

关 键 词：湿热体质 阳虚体质 羽毛球 太极拳 身体成分 最大摄氧量 中医体质评分 

分 类 号：R875[医药卫生—运动医学]