孝的多维心理结构:取向之异与古今之变  

Multidimensional psychology of filial piety(xiao):Differences in orientation and changes from ancient to modern times

作　　者：葛枭语 GE Xiaoyu(School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理与认知科学学院暨行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《心理学报》2021年第3期306-321,共16页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：孝的内在结构具有多面性,但以往孝的量表存在信效度不高、掺入研究者主观意图、遗漏重要因素等弊端。研究通过经典文本改编和被试自由生成而编制条目,通过因素分析与效标分析等方法考察孝的结构(总样本量=1725),发现孝包含尊敬安乐父母、服从父母、和颜对待父母、守身不辱父母、陪伴父母、扬名以显父母、思慕父母、不干涉父母、劝谏父母,九因素结构具有良好的信效度。不同因素与效标变量(家庭自我概念、家庭弹性、父母教养方式、亲子边界不当、自立人格、服从倾向)具有不同的关联模式。这些发现反映出儒学论孝的敬慕之别、敬顺之变。此外讨论了不同因素的古今变迁。Filial piety(xiao) refers to the proper way to treat parents, an important concept in Chinese culture. Since the advent of the New Culture Movement in China, some people have criticized filial piety, whereas others still advocate it. The possible basis for this disagreement may be that filial piety is comprised of both good and dark sides. Psychological researchers have conducted empirical studies exploring the factor structure of filial piety. However, past research in the realm of filial piety has had some limitations, such as unsatisfactory reliability and validity, confound of subjective researcher intent, and omissions of important factors. I predict that there exists more factors inside filial piety and that the different factors are correlated with different criterion. Here, I have tested an operational conceptualization of filial piety. Specifically, in the pilot study, items were generated in two ways. First, 50 items were adapted from four Chinese philosophical classics, namely the Analects of Confucius, the Works of Mencius, the Classic of Filial Piety, and the Book of Rites. Second, 56 participants were then recruited to list 5–10 characteristics of filial piety, with a total of 337 individually generated descriptors that I collected, which were then grouped into 48 categories by a psychology student blind to the hypothesis, who was asked to simplify the redundancies. In Study 1, I used exploratory factor analysis to construct a measure of filial piety(N = 633). In Study 2, I used confirmatory factor analysis and tested the correlations of each dimension of filial piety and criterion variables, including family self-concept, family resilience, parent bonding styles, inadequate parent-child boundaries, self-supporting personality, and compliance, to validate the structure(N = 396 and 206). In Study 3, I asked the participants to indicate to what extent each item in the scale agreed with their ideal(s) of filial piety(N = 221). I further asked those with children older than 10 years to indicate to wha

关 键 词：孝 儒家文化心理学 孝道 孝行 本土心理学 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]