个体采纳与群体采纳:决策过程中的两类建议采纳行为  

Individuals vs groups:Advice-taking in decision making

作　　者：任小云 段锦云 冯成志[1] REN Xiaoyun;DUAN Jinyun;FENG Chengzhi(School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou 21512,China;School of Psychology and Cognitive Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学教育学院,苏州215123 [2]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2021年第3期549-559,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72072058)。

摘　　要：决策者借助外界的建议通常能够获得更好的决策结果,但是个体和群体对待建议的态度和行为却不尽相同。基于已有研究,阐述了个体和群体在建议采纳过程中的特点并分析了造成二者差异的因素,主要包括二者在面对决策任务和外界建议时的不同表现。此外,根据群体动力理论,未来研究可以从群体的动力源因素(凝聚力,驱动力,耗散力)来解释和预测群体的建议采纳及其与个体建议采纳的差异,以期为不同决策情景下决策人员的合理安排和配置提供参考。External advice is often considered as an effective approach to improve the quality of decision outcomes.However,there is a significant difference in advice-taking performance between individuals and groups.According to the existing research,the main factors causing the above issue include:the presence or absence of initial opinion,the confidence for the initial decision,the subjective evaluation towards advice,and the objective feedback of advice.Furthermore,based on group dynamics theory,the dynamic system comprises cohesive,driving,and dissipative forces.Thus,future studies may explain and predict group advice-taking by investigating the change and transformation among these dynamic factors,with implications for the arrangement and placement of decision-maker in various situations.

关 键 词：决策 个体采纳 群体采纳 群体动力理论 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]