不同日龄乌蒙凤鸡体尺与屠宰性能相关性与主成分分析  

Correlation between Body Size and Slaughter Performance and Principal Component Analysis of Wumeng Crested Chickens of Different Ages

作　　者：莫先艇 张勇[1,2,3] 黄明捷 王天松 郭勇[1,2,3] 陆静 骆科印[4] MO Xianting;ZHANG Yong;HUANG Mingjie;WANG Tiansong;GUO Yong;LU Jin;LUO Keyin(Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region,Ministry of Education(Guizhou University),Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,Guizhou Province,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;Agricultural Committee of Liupanshui City,Guizhou Liupanshui 553000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学贵州省动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵州省六盘水市农委,贵州六盘水553000

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2021年第2期54-62,共9页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：乌蒙凤鸡种质资源地方标准制(701338172201);贵州瑶山鸡、乌蒙凤鸡、柴鸡品系选育研究与推广应用([2017]2533-3)。

摘　　要：为研究乌蒙凤鸡的生长发育和生产性能,实验选择210、240、270、300日龄乌蒙凤鸡各60只(公母各半)进行体尺与屠宰测定,同时对其体尺与屠宰性能进行相关性与主成分分析。结果表明:不同日龄公鸡的龙骨长、胸宽、胸深和骨盆宽存在极显著差异,不同日龄母鸡的胸宽、胸深和骨盆宽存在极显著差异。心脏重在210日龄与300日龄乌蒙凤鸡母鸡中差异显著,胸肌重在240日龄与270日龄乌蒙凤鸡公鸡中差异极显著。210、240、270、300日龄乌蒙凤鸡公母鸡的体斜长与活体重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重呈极显著正相关。从主成分的特征根和贡献率来看,主成分Ⅰ主要反映乌蒙凤鸡的屠体性能,视为屠体因子,主成分Ⅱ主要反映体躯发育状况,视为体躯因子,以210、240、270、300日龄阶段的乌蒙凤鸡作为肉用鸡,能保证较好的肉用性能,而体斜长、龙骨长可作为重要参考指标。乌蒙凤鸡的体尺和大部分屠宰性状有显著相关关系,由此可见相关性和主成分分析指标对乌蒙凤鸡的选种选育具有重要意义。In order to study the growth, development and basic production performance of Wumeng crested chicken, 60 Wumeng crested chickens(half male and half female) were slaughtered on 210 d, 240 d, 270 d and 300 d, respectively, and the correlation between body size and slaughtering performance and principal component analysis were carried out. The results showed that there were significant differences in keel length, chest width, chest depth and pelvis width among different day old cocks, and in chest width, chest depth and pelvis width among different day old hens. There was significant difference in heart weight between 210 day old and 300 day old Wumeng crested hens, and significant difference in chest muscle weight between 240 day old and 270 day old Wumeng crested hens. There was a significant positive correlation between body slant length and live weight, carcass weight, half net bore weight, full net bore weight, chest muscle weight. According to the characteristic root and contribution rate of the principal component, the principal component Ⅰ mainly reflects the carcass energy of Wumeng crested chicken, which is regarded as the carcass factor, and the principal component Ⅱ mainly reflects the body development status, which is regarded as the body factor. Taking Wumeng crested chicken of 210, 240, 270 and 300 day old as the broiler can ensure better meat performance, while the skew length and keel length can be used as important reference indexes. There is a significant correlation between body size and most slaughter traits of Wumeng crested chicken, so the correlation and principal component analysis are of great significance for the selection and breeding of wumengfeng chicken.

关 键 词：乌蒙凤鸡 体尺 屠宰性能 相关性分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]