双短氟碳链非离子表面活性剂的合成及其应用  

Synthesis of Double Short Fluorocarbon Nonionic Surfactant and its Application in Leather Fatliquoring

作　　者：沈益超 金勇[1,2] 周荣 周毓棠[1,2] SHEN Yichao;JIN Yong;ZHOU Rong;ZHOU Yutang(Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065 China;National Engineering Research Center of Clean Technology in Leather Industry,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学制革清洁技术国家工程研究中心,四川成都610065

出　　处：《皮革科学与工程》2021年第1期34-39,46,共7页Leather Science and Engineering

基　　金：四川省科技计划资助项目(2020YFG0069)。

摘　　要：以聚乙二醇-600、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯以及1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟己-1-醇为原料,一锅法合成了一类双短氟碳链非离子表面活性剂(F4-PEG600-F4),通过卡尔费休法,测得其含水量在0.1%以下(有效成分>99.9%)。采用FT-IR、1H-NMR对产物结构进行了表征,并研究了其在水溶液中的表面活性。表面张力测试表明,F4-PEG600-F4的临界胶束浓度为0.40 mmol/L,其临界表面张力可以降低至21.0 mN/m(25℃),且加入1.0%NaCl或调节pH至3.0~10.0时,其水溶液表面张力基本没有改变,仍维持在21.0 mN/m左右,具有较好的耐电解质和pH稳定性。将F4-PEG600-F4作为加脂助剂,应用于铬鞣山羊皮的加脂工艺中。结果表明,在加脂温度为40℃、表面活性剂用量为1%的条件下,加脂后成革的综合性能最佳,其柔软度、力学性能显著提高,其抗拉强度、断裂伸长率和撕裂强度分别提高了19.0%、4.2%和18.5%,成革表面防水性也明显增强。A class of nonionic surfactant(F4-PEG600-F4)containing double short fluorocarbon chains was one-pot synthesized using polyethylene glycol-600,isophorone diisocyanate and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorohexan-1-ol as raw materials.By Karl Fischer method,the water content was measured to be below 0.1%(active ingredients>99.9%).The structure of F4-PEG600-F4 was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR,and its surface activity was studied in aqueous solution.The surface tension results show that the critical micelle concentration of F4-PEG600-F4 was 0.40 mmol/L,and the surface tension could be reduced to 21.0 mN/m(25℃).Moreover,when 1.0%NaCl was added or the pH was adjusted to be 3.0-10.0,the critical surface tension of F4-PEG600-F4 remained basically to be about 21.0 mN/m,showing its good electrolyte and pH resistance stability.Meanwhile,F4-PEG600-F4 was used as a fatliquoring agent in the fatliquoring process of chrome-tanned goatskin.The research results showed that under the conditions of 1%dosage and fatliquoring temperature of 40℃,the resulting leather exhibited the best overall performance,and its softness and mechanical properties were significantly improved.Its tensile strength,elongation at break and tear strength were increased by 19.0%,4.2%and 18.5%respectively,and the waterproof performance of the leather surface was also significantly enhanced,too.

关 键 词：非离子表面活性剂 短氟碳链 表面活性 皮革加脂 表面防水 

分 类 号：TS529.1[轻工技术与工程—皮革化学与工程]