妊娠期糖尿病胎盘血管病变的相关研究进展  

Research Progress of Placental Angiopathy in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

作　　者：崔佳文 康心怡 蔡华[1] 单阎星 张命金 陈丽平[1] CUI Jiawen;KANG Xinyi;CAI Hua;SHAN Yanxing;ZHANG Mingjin;CHEN Liping(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong 226001,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学第二附属医院妇产科,江苏南通226001

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第4期757-764,共8页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：江苏省妇幼健康科研项目(F201929);南通市科技项目(MS12019002)。

摘　　要：近年来,妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的发病率逐年递增,严重危害母儿健康,是目前围生医学研究的难点和热点。GDM患者的胎盘血管存在病理学改变,且这种改变可能与GDM的发生、发展密切相关。GDM胎盘血管病变主要表现为胎盘血管形态异常及胎盘血管内皮细胞功能障碍。缺氧、高血糖、胰岛素抵抗等可能是引起GDM胎盘血管病变的主要原因。GDM胎盘血管病变已经引起围生医学领域的广泛关注,研究其在GDM发生、发展中的作用及相关机制,有助于从根本上认识GDM,以期为GDM的预测、预防及治疗提供理论依据。In recent years,the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)has been increasing year by year,seriously endangering maternal and natal health,which is a difficulty and hotspot of perinatal medicine research.There are pathological changes of placental vessels in pregnant women with GDM,and the change may be closely related to the occurrence and development of GDM.The main manifestations of placental angiopathy in GDM pregnant women are abnormal morphological changes of placental vessels and dysfunction of placental vascular endothelial cells.Hypoxia,hyperglycemia and insulin resistance may be the main causes of placental vascular lesions in GDM.GDM placental angiopathy has attracted extensive attention in the field of perinatal medicine.The study of its effects and mechanisms in the occurrence and development of GDM is helpful to understand GDM fundamentally,so as to provide theoretical basis for the prediction,prevention and treatment of GDM.

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 胎盘血管 缺氧 高血糖 胰岛素抵抗 

分 类 号：R714.256[医药卫生—妇产科学]