组织工程软骨在生长板损伤修复治疗中的作用及特点  

Role and characteristics of tissue-engineered cartilage in the treatment of growth plate injuries

作　　者：王香港 万谦 刘贺[1] 李容杭[1] 张妍[1] 李祖浩 王金成[1] Wang Xianggang;Wan Qian;Liu He;Li Ronghang;Zhang Yan;Li Zuhao;Wang Jincheng(Department of Orthopedics,Second Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun 130041,Jilin Province,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第二医院骨科,吉林省长春市130041

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2021年第28期4539-4545,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82001971),项目负责人:刘贺。

摘　　要：背景:生长板调控着长骨纵向生长,如果发生损伤并导致骨桥形成会使长骨生长停滞,造成患肢成角畸形,而目前临床治疗方法效果不理想,用软骨组织工程制备的支架为临床治疗带来了希望。目的:介绍生长板的生理结构与功能,讨论并总结软骨组织工程技术在生长板损伤治疗中所取得的进展。方法:作者以“Growth plate,Physis,Physeal,Scaffold,Cartilage tissue engineering,生长板,骺版,支架”为关键词,检索2000至2020年期间PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI和万方数据库中的相关文献,初检文献292篇,筛选后对65篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:在生长板损伤动物模型中,软骨组织工程支架表现出很好的治疗效果。具有生物活性的支架既填补了缺损、抑制骨桥形成、减轻了患肢的成角畸形,又诱导间充质干细胞分化为与生长板生理结构类似,呈柱状规则排列的软骨细胞。对众多实验结果进行总结发现,应用间充质干细胞联合适当的软骨诱导因子(如转化生长因子β、胰岛素样生长因子1等)可以促进软骨细胞大量生成并且排列有序,再生的软骨组织可以发挥生长板的正常功能,刺激长骨继续生长。另外,作为细胞黏附和生长因子缓释的载体,软骨组织工程支架应具有一定机械强度和良好的生物相容性,以往实验所用的单一天然生物材料或者合成高分子材料存在一定的缺点,尝试将两者结合制备成复合材料支架效果更好,但应用于临床治疗还需要更多的实验研究与探索。BACKGROUND:The growth plate regulates the longitudinal growth of long bones.Once damaged and replaced by bony bar formation,it will cause length discrepancy and angular deformity.Considering the unsatisfactory outcome of clinical treatments,it is potential for cartilage tissue engineering scaffolds in treatment of growth plate injuries.OBJECTIVE:To introduce the physiological structure and functions of the growth plate,and discuss and summarize the progress of cartilage tissue engineering technology in the treatment of growth plate injury.METHODS:The databases of PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,and Wanfang were retrieved with“growth plate,physis,physeal,scaffold,cartilage tissue engineering”as key words in English and Chinese to collect relevant articles published from 2000 to 2020.Initially,292 articles were retrieved,and 65 articles were selected for further analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cartilage tissue engineering scaffolds perform well in treatment of growth plate injuries in animal models.The bioactive scaffold not only fills the defect,inhibits the formation of bone bridge,reduces angular deformity of the affected limb,but also induces the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes which are arranged in a columnar regular structure similar to natural growth plates.Many experimental results have found that the application of mesenchymal stem cells combined with appropriate cartilage inducing factors,such as transforming growth factor-β,insulin-like growth factor-1,can promote chondrocytes regeneration and arrange them in order.Regenerated cartilage tissue plays the normal function of growth plate and allows long bone to grow up.In addition,as the carrier of cells and growth factors,the scaffold in cartilage tissue engineering requires suitable mechanical strength and good biocompatibility.Since there are some shortcomings when natural biomaterials or synthetic polymer materials used alone,it is more effective to use scaffolds made of composite materials.However,to be applied to clinical t

关 键 词：软骨 材料 生长板 软骨组织工程 支架 间充质干细胞 软骨细胞 细胞外基质 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R681.3[医药卫生—临床医学]