间接激励压电发电机的建模仿真与试验研究  

Performance analysis and test of a piezoelectric energy harvester based on indirect excitation

作　　者：王淑云[1,2] 朱雅娜[1,3] 阚君武 张忠华[1,2] 黄鑫[1] 侯刘奖 WANG Shu-yun;ZHU Ya-na;KAN Jun-wu;ZHANG Zhong-hua;HUANG Xin;HOU Liu-jiang(Institute of Precision Machinery and Intelligent Structure,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology and Equipment,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Jiaxing No.1 Middle School,Jiaxing 314000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学精密机械与智能结构研究所,浙江金华321004 [2]浙江省城市轨道交通智能运维技术与装备重点实验室(浙江师范大学),浙江金华321004 [3]嘉兴市第一中学,浙江嘉兴314000

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2021年第1期127-133,共7页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51877199,52077201);浙江省重点研发项目(2021C01181);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY20F010006);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910345047);浙江省新苗人才计划项目(2019R404018)。

摘　　要：为满足旋转机械监测系统的自供电需求、解决现有压电发电机可靠性低及有效带宽窄等问题,提出一种基于移动凸轮间接激励并限幅的旋转式压电发电机(简称间接激励压电发电机)。介绍了发电机的结构原理并进行了建模仿真与试验测试,获得了激励磁铁数量比、凸轮升程及升角对激振力形式/幅值、压电振子变形量/输出电压及发电机带宽等的影响规律。结果表明:利用凸轮间接激励可有效地限制压电振子的振幅/输出电压、避免幅频特性曲线出现明显的谐振峰;其他条件相同时,使压电振子变形量/输出电压相同的有效带宽随激励磁铁数量比的减小及凸轮升角(30°-45°范围内)的增加而增加;随凸轮升程的增加,压电振子变形量/输出电压增加、有效带宽减小;磁铁数量比为0.25、升角为40°、升程为2/3/4/5 mm时,使输出电压为20/40/60/70 V的有效转速范围为212.8/67.2/67.2/44.8 r/min;此外,存在最佳负载70 kΩ使发电机输出功率最大(9.66 mW)。To meet the demands of self-powered monitoring system for rotating machine and improve the reliability and effective working frequency band for existing piezoelectric energy harvesters,a Rotary Piezoelectric Energy Harvester(PEH)is introduced,which is based on a moving cam with indirect and limited excitation.The system structure and working principle of the energy harvester are introduced and its dynamic response model is established.In this way,the influence of the excitation magnets ratio,the cam lift and angle to the excitation force form/magnitude,the deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator/output voltage and the harvester bandwidth are obtained by simulation and experiment.The research results show that the indirect excitation of the cam can effectively limit the amplitude/output voltage and avoid the obvious resonance peak of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve;When other conditions are given,the effective bandwidth of the piezoelectric vibrator deformation/output voltage increases as the excitation magnet ratio decreases and the cam angle increases(30°-45°).As the cam lift increases,the piezoelectric vibrator deformation amount/output voltage increases,and the effective bandwidth decreases.When magnet ratio is 0.25,lift angle is40°,excitation distance are 2/3/4/5 mm,the effective speed range is 212.8/67.2/67.2/44.8 r/min for the output voltage is 20/40/60/70 V;In addition,there is an optimal load of 70 kΩto maximize harvester output power(9.66 mW).

关 键 词：旋磁 压电发电机 间接激励 凸轮 限幅 

分 类 号：TN384[电子电信—物理电子学] TM619[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]