考虑顾客不同使用强度的产品质保期和价格最优设计  

Optimal Product Warranty Period and Sales Price Design Considering Customers’Different Usage Rates

作　　者：张兆民 何曙光[2] 孔祥芬[1] ZHANG Zhaomin;HE Shuguang;KONG Xiangfen(College of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;College of Management&Economics,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津300300 [2]天津大学管理与经济学部,天津300072

出　　处：《工业工程》2021年第1期66-73,共8页Industrial Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71902180);航空科学基金资助项目(20170267002);民航机场群智慧运营重点实验室开放基金资助项目(KLAGIO20180302)。

摘　　要：站在制造商的角度进行一维质保期及产品价格策略的最优设计。考虑顾客不同使用强度对现场可靠性的影响,分别构建产品的失效率模型及最小维修策略时的质保成本模型。以期望利润最大化为目标,对最优的一维质保期和价格策略进行设计。最后,以某中央空调制造商作为算例,对中央空调的最优一维质保期和产品售价进行优化,并对主要参数进行敏感性分析。研究发现,特别是针对具有顾客不同使用强度的大型装置或系统,通过最优的质保期和价格策略设计可以有效地提升产品的利润期望值。The optimal one-dimensional warranty period and sales price is designed from the perspective of the manufacturer.Considering the effects of customers’heterogeneous usage rates on filed reliability,the product’s failure rate and the expected warranty cost of conducting a minimal repair strategy are proposed.The optimal one-dimensional warranty period and price are jointly designed to maximize the manufacturer’s expected profit.Lastly,a case study of a central airconditioning manufacturer is given to investigate the effects on the optimal designs.The results show that designing an optimal one-dimensional warranty period and sales price strategy is helpful to increase the products’expected profit,especially for the large equipment or system with different customers’usage rates.

关 键 词：产品质量保证 价格 顾客使用强度 质保成本 需求函数 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济]