专利池的“PPP”模式:内涵、影响与产业政策  

"PPP" model patent pools: Meanings, influences and some industrial policies

作　　者：刘利[1] Liu Li(School of Public Administration,South Central University for Nationalities,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《科研管理》2020年第11期164-172,共9页Science Research Management

基　　金：湖北省技术创新专项软科学项目:“基于需求导向的湖北省高等院校技术转移路径优化研究”(2018ADC091,2018.01—2019.05)。

摘　　要：政府发起、出资并与社会资本合作(PPP)的专利池主要有纵向企业型、智库型和经营型三种类型,争夺产业竞争优势的公共目标是其主要目标,参与社会主体的私有盈利目标是其次要目标。在各主体职能分配中,政府履行提供引导资金、参与运营的职能,社会主体履行主导运营、并接受政府服务和监督的职能。政府职能的正确履行与否直接导致专利池的双向产业影响:既能促使产业获得创新优势,提高产业市场占有能力;又可能延缓形成产业核心竞争力,流失公共资产。因此,在我国大陆本土实践基础上,从遵守"政府搭台,企业唱戏"原则,强化政府服务、密切产学研合作和强化政府监管、提升社会主体的社会责任感等方面提出了产业政策建议。"PPP" model patent pools are the patent pools which are sponsored by government and formed by both government and social actors. According to the characteristics of social actors, there are three kinds of patent pools of the "PPP" Model, namely the vertical "PPP" model patent pools where main social actors are vertical enterprises which are the main providers, the main users and the main operators of the core patents in the pools;the intellectual tank "PPP" model patent pools where main social actors are universities and research institutions which are the main providers and the main operators of the core patents in the pools, and the operational "PPP" model patent pools where main social actors are investment and financing enterprises or service enterprises which are the main operators of the core patents in the pools. Competing for industrial advantages are the first goal of "PPP" model patent pools which are for the public interests, while the private interests for the social actors are the secondary goal. In the distribution of the roles of all the participants, the government is responsible for providing guidance funds and participating in the operation, such as regulate the direction of industrial development and service the social actors, and the social actors are responsible for leading operation and accepting the supervision and services from the government. The correct performance of the participants roles or not directly affects the industrial influences, especially the government roles: if correct performance of government roles, the "PPP" model patent pools can quickly form innovation advantages in terms of quality, and improve the market holding capacity of industry in terms of quantity, which can realize the public goals of competing for industrial advantages;but if not, they may delay the formation of the core competitiveness of the industry, and lead to loss of public assets. Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the government has attached great importance to scienti

关 键 词：专利池 “PPP”模式 政府 社会主体 产业 

分 类 号：G306[文化科学]