2018年江西省大气降水离子特征分析  

Analysis of Atmospheric Precipitation Ion Characteristics in Jiangxi Province in 2018

作　　者：邓燕青 刘建新 张迪 王华[2,3] 袁伟皓 DENG Yanqing;LIU Jianxin;ZHANG Di;WANG Hua;YUAN Weihao(Hydrology Bureau of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330002,China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Naming 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省水文局,江西南昌330002 [2]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [3]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水文》2021年第1期79-84,108,共7页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：江西省水利厅重点科技项目“基于时空二维差异的鄱阳湖水质特征研究”(KT201623),“长干(江西)与鄱阳湖湖区地表水水功能区调整优化技术研究”(201821ZDKT02)。

摘　　要：为了解江西省大气降水化学特征,对2018年江西省11个设区市109个大气降水水质监测点开展监测,对大气降水的电导率、pH值、氟化物等12项检测参数进行分析。主要结论如下:(1)全省全年监测pH范围为4.3~9.0。出现偏酸性降水的地区为赣州大部分地区,九江局部地区、景德镇局部地区和萍乡局部地区;出现偏碱性降雨的地区为吉安、萍乡、新余、宜春,以及九江局部地区、赣州局部地区、抚州局部地区、景德镇局部地区。(2)对全省降水离子浓度的分析表明,南昌、上饶和鹰潭地区SO4^2-/NO3^-的比值大于3,属于燃煤型或者硫酸型污染类型;九江、吉安、景德镇、赣州、萍乡、新余和宜春SO4^2-/NO3^-的比值范围为0.5~3,属于硫酸、硝酸的混合型污染类型;抚州SO4^2-/NO3^-的比值小于0.5,属于机动车型或硝酸型污染类型。(3)从降水离子浓度分析表明,SO4^2-和NO3^-为降水中最主要的两种水溶性阴离子,Ca^2+、NH4^+和K^+为降水中最主要的三种水溶性阳离子。(4)根据全省全年大气降水测定均值和地表水水质进行比对分析,对地表水水质有一定影响的水溶性离子主要为F^-和NO3^-。In order to understand the chemical characteristics of atmospheric precipitation in Jiangxi Province,this paper monitored 109 atmospheric precipitation monitoring points at 11 cities and districts of Jiangxi Province in 2018,and analyzed twelve detection parameters such as electrical conductivity,pH value and magnesium of atmospheric precipitation.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The range of pH monitoring in the whole province is 4.3-9.0.The areas with slightly acidic rainfall are most of Ganzhou and some areas of Jiujiang,Jingdezhen and Pingxiang,while the areas of slightly alkaline rainfall are most areas of Ji’an,Pingxiang,Xinyu,Yichun and some areas of Jiujiang,Ganzhou,Fuzhou and Jingdezhen.(2)The ratio of SO4^2-/NO3^-in Nanchang,Shangrao and Yingtan is more than three,which belongs to the pollution types of coal burning or sulfuric acid.The ratio range of SO4^2-/NO3^-in Jiujiang,Ji’an,Jingdezhen,Ganzhou,Pingxiang,Xinyu and Yichun is 0.5-3,which belongs to the mixed pollution type of sulfuric acid and nitric acid.The ratio of SO4^2-/NO3^-in Fuzhou is less than 0.5,which belongs to the pollution types of motor vehicle or nitric acid.(3)SO4^2-and NO3^-are two main water-soluble anions in precipitation while Ca^2+,NH^4+and K+are three main water-soluble cations in precipitation.(4)Based on the comparison analysis of measured average value of atmospheric precipitation and surface water quality,F^-and NO3^-are the main water-soluble ions affecting on the surface water quality.

关 键 词：江西省 大气降水 水质监测 酸雨 离子成分 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]