考虑河道整治工程影响的一维水沙数学模型及其应用  

One-dimensional morphodynamic model of channel deformation with the consideration of river regulation works and its application

作　　者：周美蓉[1] 夏军强[1] 邓珊珊[1] 李志威 Zhou Meirong;Xia Junqiang;Deng Shanshan;Li Zhiwei(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2021年第2期571-580,共10页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402303/05);国家自然科学基金项目(51725902)联合资助。

摘　　要：在冲积河流上,各类河道整治工程的实施一定程度上会影响河床的演变过程.本文通过改进现有的一维水沙数学模型,重点研究护岸及护滩(底)这类限制河床进一步冲刷的整治工程对水沙输移及河床冲淤变形的影响.首先对固定断面的各节点采用特定的代码进行标记,以此区分河漫滩、有或无整治工程的主槽区域.然后对悬沙输移及河床冲淤变形模块进行改进:当断面发生淤积时,其形态调整不受整治工程的影响,淤积量将在整个断面上进行分配;当发生冲刷时,断面形态调整仅发生在未实施工程的位置或者受工程限制但形成了一定厚度淤积层的区域;在实施了整治工程且无法提供沙源的区域,河床冲刷则不会发生.最后长江中游荆江段2016年的模拟结果表明:考虑整治工程情况时,改进模型计算的河道冲刷量偏小且与实测值更为接近;河槽断面形态与实测结果也更为吻合.A one-dimensional morphodynamic model has been improved to simulate the fluvial processes influenced by large-scale river regulation works,and the focus is paid to investigate the effect of a bank-,shoal-and bed-protection works.In the refined model,different zones of a cross-section are first demarcated by different point codes,including the zones of floodplain and mainchannel with or without engineering.Then the modules of sediment transport and bed deformation are modified.When channel deposition occurs,it is not influenced by regulation engineering and the deposition volume will be allocated at a whole cross-section.However,channel scour will only occur at the unprotected bed or the protected bed with a deposition layer newly formed over the previous simulation period;at the protected bed without sediment to be scoured,erosion is not allowed.Then the Jingjiang Reach of the middle Yangtze River was selected as the study reach.Simulated results for the year 2016 show that the channel scours volume calculated using the improved model was smaller and in closer agreement with the measurements that without the consideration of river regulation works.Besides,the variation in channel geometry calculated by the improved model was more consistent with the measured result.

关 键 词：河道整治工程 一维水沙数学模型 悬沙输移 河床冲淤 长江中游 荆江河段 

分 类 号：TV85[水利工程—水利水电工程] P333[天文地球—水文科学]