智慧农业的经济学解释与突破路径  

Economic Explanation and Breakthrough Path of Smart Agriculture

作　　者：赵敏娟[1] Zhao Minjuan

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《学术前沿》2020年第24期70-78,共9页Frontiers

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项课题“国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系”的阶段性成果,项目编号:CARS-07-F-1。

摘　　要：智慧农业对于推动我国农业高质量发展、突破当前农业发展瓶颈以及促进农业现代化建设具有独特优势和巨大潜力。立足农业产业系统性,通过信息科技、智能科技等现代科技与农业全产业链的深度融合,智慧农业具有数据与信息收集和传送及时化、决策智能化等特征,有效实现农业产业要素的优化配置和产业基础的提升。理论层面上,我国在智慧农业有关"农业即科技"融合观、农业与农村及三产融合等深层次实践方面阐释不足。从新古典经济学生产理论出发,将数据与信息作为要素纳入分析视野,从要素配置与信息流动两方面解释智慧农业的生产经济学内涵,从高素质劳动力、小农户衔接、信息化建设基础等方面剖析发展智慧农业面临的挑战,进而探讨推进智慧农业发展的突破路径,可作为对当前智慧农业理论基础不足的建设性回应。Smart agriculture has unique advantages in promoting the high-quality development of China's agriculture,exploring agricultural modernization and solving the current dilemma facing agricultural development.Smart agriculture is characterized by timely collection and transmission of data and information and intelligent decision-making.It is supported by modern information technology and intelligent technology.Based on the agricultural industry system,it helps to realize the deep integration of science and technology and the whole agricultural industry chain.At the theoretical level,there is insufficient explanation in terms of the deep practices relating to smart agriculture such as the integration concept of"agriculture is science and technology",agriculture and rural areas,and the integration of the primary,secondary and tertiary industries.Based on the production theory of neoclassical economics,this paper includes data and information as factors into the analysis;explains the connotation of production economics of smart agriculture from the perspectives of factor allocation and information flow;analyzes the challenges faced by the development of smart agriculture in terms of nurturing high-quality labor force,connecting small farming households and consolidating informationization;and then discusses the path of making breakthroughs in developing smart agriculture,so as to serve as a constructive response to the current lack of theoretical basis of smart agriculture.

关 键 词：智慧农业 新古典经济学 信息与数据 产业链 

分 类 号：F323.2[经济管理—产业经济]