跨界流域水资源合作利益共享机制研究  

Research on benefit sharing mechanism of water resources cooperation in transboundary basin

作　　者：杨宁霞 黄涛珍[3] YANG Ningxia;HUANG Taozhen(School of Business,Hohai University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211100,China;School of Economics and Trade,Xingjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi Xinjiang 832000,China;School of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学商学院,江苏南京211100 [2]新疆农业大学经济与贸易学院,新疆乌鲁木齐832000 [3]河海大学公共管理学院,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《未来与发展》2021年第2期59-66,共8页Future and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“澜沧江流域多利益主体合作博弈机制与径流适应性利用研究”(91747208)。

摘　　要：跨界流域水资源利益共享是缓解冲突、促进合作、实现跨界水资源公平合理可持续利用的一种方法。本文分析了跨界流域水资源利益相关者、共享利益类型、公平分配共享利益的方法和影响因素等问题。利益相关者包括地方、省级、国家和国际组织4个层级,产生的水资源利益有水电、防洪、灌溉、渔业、航海、生态旅游、文化、政治、生物多样性和社会遗产等。在明确能够共享的利益类型有哪些外需进行效益-成本分析,以确定合作的净收益满足合作的基本要求来决定是否进行合作。合作利益的公平分配是利益共享的核心,采用合作博弈的方法构建利益共享数学模型是解决问题的一种方法,主要通过以下步骤:确定博弈参与人、确定可能的联盟及其特征函数、确定核心的存在、公平分配合作收益、计算合作联盟的稳定性。而影响跨界流域沿岸国家进行合作的因素主要有:流域沿岸国家的外交政策、流域国家间合作历史、沿岸国之间的权力关系和国家水资源政策偏好。Benefit sharing on transboundary river basin is a method to alleviate conflict,promote cooperation,realize fair,reasonable and sustainable utilization.This paper analyzes stakeholders,the type of sharing benefit,the method of fair distribution and influencing factors of transboundary water resources'benefit sharing.Stakeholders include four levels,there are local,provincial,national and international organizations.The water resources benefits generated include hydropower,flood control,irrigation,fishing,navigation,ecotourism,culture,politics,biodiversity and social heritage,etc.After determine the benefits type that can sharing,need to analysis benefit-cost to determine the net income of cooperation to meet the basic requirements of cooperation and whether to cooperate.Fair distribution of cooperation interests is the core of benefit sharing,cooperative game method was used to construct Shared interests mathematical model to solve the problem,mainly through the following steps:identification of game participants,possible alliance and its characteristic function,to determine the existence of the core,fair distribution,calculate the stability of the alliance.The main factors that affect the cooperation of trans-boundary riparian countries include:the foreign policy of riparian countries,the history of cooperation between riparian countries,the power relationship between riparian countries and the preference of national water policy.

关 键 词：跨界流域 利益共享 利益相关者 合作博弈 

分 类 号：C935[经济管理—管理学]