高温空气热化学物理计算模型研究  

Study on the calculation model of thermochemical physics for high temperature air

作　　者：杨光[1] 檀妹静 聂春生[1] 李宇[1] 周禹[1] 李潞宁 于明星[1] 顾云军[2] 陈其峰[2] YANG Guang;TAN Mei-Jing;NIE Chun-Sheng;LI Yu;ZHOU Yu;LI Lu-Ning;Yü Ming-Xing;GU Yun-Jun;CHEN Qi-Feng(Science and Technology on Space Physics Laboratory,China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing,100076,P.R.China;National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics,Institute of Fluid Physics,CAEP,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国运载火箭技术研究院空间物理重点实验室,北京100076 [2]中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波与爆轰波物理重点实验室,绵阳621999

出　　处：《原子与分子物理学报》2021年第3期89-97,共9页Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics

基　　金：国防科技项目基金(2019-JCJQ-JJ-449)。

摘　　要：对于大气层内高速飞行器,其周围空气受到强激波压缩而温度急剧升高,引起空气分子发生激发、离解、电离、复合等作用形成多组元混合气体,这种多组元混合气体的热物性参数是气动力热和电磁仿真的基础.本文针对N_(2)-O_(2)-Ar空气体系,在局域热动和局域化学平衡假设下,建立了考虑18种化学反应22组元的混合体系热化学物理计算模型,模拟了高温空气的组分浓度以及焓和比热等热力学性质,研究了高温空气的离解、电离、复合等化学反应以及焓和热容等物性参数随温度和密度的演化规律,发现了空气稀薄程度的增加有利于化学反应的发生以及因高温引起化学反应导致的热容和比热比波动变化现象,并对飞行器高速飞行时驻点处的空气组分、压缩比、温度、热容以及比热等参数随飞行速度的变化给出了预测.这些结果和规律性的认识有助于更好地了解高速飞行器周围稀薄空气因强激波压缩产生高温诱导发生的物理化学反应、现象及作用机理.For hypersonic vehicles in the atmosphere,the ambient air is compressed by strong shock wave and the temperature rises sharply,which causes the excitation,dissociation,ionization and recombination of air molecules to form multi-component mixed gas. Their thermo-chemical dynamics and transportation properties are the foundation of aero-thermal dynamics and electromagnetic simulation. In this work,a mixed system model of 22-species of 18 chemical reactions is established for N_(2)-O_(2)-Ar system under the assumption of local thermo-dynamic and local chemical equilibrium. The composition concentration,enthalpy,and specific heat properties of high temperature air were calculated,and the evolution law with temperature and density was studied. It is found that the increase of rarefied degree of air is beneficial to the occurrence of chemical reaction and the fluctuations of heat capacity and specific heat ratio are caused by chemical reaction induced by high temperature. The air’s composition,compression ratio,specific heat ratio,temperature,heat capacity and specific heat at the aircraft’s stagnation point with flying speed are predicted. These results and regular knowledge are helpful to better understand the physical and chemical reactions,phenomena and mechanism of high temperature induced by strong shock compression in rarefied air around hypersonic vehicles.

关 键 词：高温空气 热化学模型 热物性 

分 类 号：O65[理学—分析化学]