杯式风速传感器计量的线性研究  

Linear Study on Measurement of Cup Wind Speed Sensor

作　　者：沙莉 罗昶[2] 支询 李施 张艺萌 朱明宇 SHA Li;LUO Chang;ZHI Xun;LI Shi;ZHANG Yimeng;ZHU Mingyu(Liaoning Meteorological Equipment Support Center,Shenyang 110166,China;Zhejiang Provincial Atmospheric Sounding Technology Support Center,Hangzhou 311106,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省气象装备保障中心,辽宁沈阳110166 [2]浙江省大气探测技术保障中心,浙江杭州311106

出　　处：《自动化仪表》2021年第2期19-23,共5页Process Automation Instrumentation

基　　金：国家计量技术规范制修订基金资助项目(2015146)。

摘　　要：线性是表征杯式风速传感器角速度与风速正比关系的重要计量性能指标。传感器动态运行时,它能直接反映风杯结构设计特征,并产生风速输出值的系统误差,其技术指标要求不超过±0.5 m/s。目前,风速计量用“示值误差”表示测量结果,不能直接反映传感器的线性特征。根据检定规程的测量方法,对风速传感器在风洞中开展全量程重复性测量并获取试验数据。采用最小二乘估计法对数据的线性度进行分析,提出以“非线性误差”作为研究线性计量特性的指标。相比较单校准点的“示值误差”作为计量结果,应用非线性误差的分析方法研究线性特征,对传感器的评价更加客观。风速线性计量技术研究可进一步推动风速自动观测数据的补偿及修正技术,可应用于气象观测、电力、民航、军队及煤矿等领域,以提高风速数据准确性。Linearity is an important measurement performance index to characterize the proportional relationship between angular velocity and wind speed of cup type wind speed sensor.When the sensor is running dynamically,it can directly reflect the design characteristics of the wind cup structure and generate the system error of the wind speed output value,and its technical index shall not exceed±0.5 m/s.At present,the measurement results can not directly reflect the linear characteristics of the sensor by“indication error”.According to the measurement method of verification regulation,the wind speed sensor carries out the full range repeatability measurement in the wind tunnel and obtains the test data.The least square estimation method is used to analyze the linearity of the data.The“nonlinear error”is proposed as the index to study the linear measurement characteristics.Compared with the“indication error”of a single calibration point as the measurement result,the nonlinear error analysis method is applied to study the linear characteristics,and the evaluation of the sensor is more objective.The research on wind speed linear measurement technology can further promote the compensation and correction technology of automatic wind speed observation data,and can be applied to meteorological observation,electric power,civil aviation,military and coal mines to improve the accuracy of wind speed data.

关 键 词：杯式风速传感器 线性 计量特性 非线性误差 最小二乘法 风洞 观测 校准 测量 

分 类 号：TH89[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]