内压和外载荷作用下接管和管道连接部位的应力评定  

Stress evaluation for the connection location between the nozzle and piping under the actions of internal pressure and external load

作　　者：曹丽琴[1] 张红升 李岩彬 CAO Liqin;ZHANG Hongsheng;LI Yanbin(School of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging&Stamping Technology and Science,Ministry of Education,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学环境与化学工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]燕山大学先进锻压成形技术与科学教育部重点实验室,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《压力容器》2021年第1期55-60,共6页Pressure Vessel Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11247236);河北省高等学校科学技术研究指导项目(Z2011120);秦皇岛市科学技术研究与发展计划资助项目(202004A005)。

摘　　要：接管是压力容器中不可或缺的部件,用于将容器与管道连通。在分析设计过程中,由于载荷种类复杂,应力种类较多,基于有限元分析软件的计算结果,很难区分出一次加二次应力强度中的一次应力成分,给应力评定带来很大困扰。以实际工程算例为基础,采用理论公式和有限元分析相结合的方法计算接管连接区的应力强度,并按规范进行了评定。具体步骤如下:首先,采用有限元分析软件依次进行瞬态热分析和结构分析,并提取所选路径上的应力强度;然后,在确定各路径是否在接管补强范围内后,根据标准规定的载荷,采用理论公式计算各路径上的一次应力强度;最后,根据有限元分析和理论计算结果,分别对一次应力强度和一次加二次应力强度按标准规定的限值进行评定。该方法解决了无法区分接管连接区有限元计算结果中一次应力成分的问题,使得应力评定更加准确。The nozzle is an indispensable component in pressure vessels,it is used for connection between the pressure vessel and the piping.In the process of analysis and calculation,it is difficult to distinguish the primary stress component from primary and secondary stress intensity from the calculation results of FEA software.Based on a practical engineering example,a method that combines theoretical formulas with FEA to calculate the stress intensity of the nozzle connection area was adopted in this paper and evaluation was carried out according to the specification.The specific steps are as follows:First,the finite element analysis software was used for transient thermal analysis and structural analysis successively,and the stress intensity on the selected path was extracted.Then,after determining whether each path is within the scope of the nozzle reinforcement,the primary stress intensity on each path was calculated by theoretical formula according to the load specified in the standard.Finally,according to the results of FEA and theoretical calculation,the intensity of primary stress and intensity of primary stress plus secondary stress were evaluated according to the limits specified in the standard.This method solved the problem that the primary stress component cannot be distinguished from the FEA results of the nozzle connection area,making the stress evaluation more accurate.

关 键 词：压力容器 接管 应力分析 一次应力 二次应力 评定准则 

分 类 号：TH49[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TQ055.8[化学工程]