城市街道健康影响路径和空间要素研究  

Research on Health Impact Pathways and Spatial Elements of Urban Streets

作　　者：余洋[1] 蒋雨芊 张琦瑀 YU Yang;JIANG Yuqian;ZHANG Qiyu(School of Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology;Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院 [2]哈尔滨工业大学寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室

出　　处：《风景园林》2021年第2期55-61,共7页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号51978191);国家重点研发计划课题(编号2017YFC0702405)。

摘　　要：健康街道是存量规划及健康城市背景下,街道发展的新模式和街道设计的新方向,健康街道可以充分发挥街道的身体、心理、社会层面的健康服务功能,从而为城市居民提供健康出行环境和健康生活方式。基于国内外文献梳理,从促进体力活动、改善物理环境、提升街道安全、增强社会交往4个方面,提出多路径多因素的综合性研究思路,讨论城市街道促进公共健康的影响路径,梳理不同影响路径下的街道交通、界面、空间、绿化和设施5类空间要素和测度指标,阐释街道健康影响路径下的特征效用差异,识别重点设计要素,通过测度指标体系为城市设计、街道设计和评估提供依据和途径。基于分析结果,从扩展要素实证研究维度、增加因果关系与机制阐释、探寻健康目标差异下指标阈值及平衡点3方面对未来研究提出展望。Healthy street is the new model of street development and the new direction of street design under the background of inventory planning and healthy city construction.Healthy streets enable streets to give full play to their physical,psychological and social healthy service functions,thereby providing urban residents with a healthy travel environment and healthy lifestyle.Based on the domestic and foreign literature review,this research,from the four aspects of promoting physical activity,improving physical environment,advancing street safety,and enhancing social interaction,puts forward a multi-path and multi-factor comprehensive research idea to discuss the impact pathways of urban streets to promote public health.It also sorts out five spatial elements and measurement indicators of street traffic,interface,space,greening and facilities under various health impact pathways.It illustrates the difference of feature utilities under the health impact pathways of streets,identifies key design elements,and provides a basis and approach for urban design,street design and evaluation through a clear measurement index system.Based on the results of the analysis,it proposes the prospects for future researches from three aspects:expanding the dimension of empirical research on factors,increasing the explanation of causality and mechanism,and exploring the threshold and balance point of indicators under the difference in health goals.

关 键 词：风景园林 公共健康 健康街道 健康影响路径 空间要素 街道设计和评估 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]