106例小儿药物中毒发生情况及危险因素分析  

Analysis of the occurrence and risk factors of drug poisoning in 106 children

作　　者：刘冬 LIU Dong(Emergency Department of Pediatrics,Anyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Anyang 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳市妇幼保健院儿科急诊,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《中国中西医结合儿科学》2021年第1期52-54,共3页Chinese Pediatrics of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨引起小儿药物中毒发生情况并分析其诱因。方法以2016年9月至2019年9月本院收治的106例药物中毒小儿为研究对象,采用横断面研究模式,分析中毒患儿中常见药物及临床表现,同期以160例非药物中毒患儿为对照组,两组均发放问卷调查,分析影响患儿中毒的危险因素。结果(1)106例患儿中34.91%为3~6岁,57.55%居住地为农村,25.47%使用抗生素,37.74%中毒途径为消化道,64.15%中毒原因为成人给药较多。(2)中毒患儿的临床表现中,77.36%患儿出现心率过快;65.09%患儿出现呼吸系统异常症状;63.21%患儿出现神经系统症状;48.11%患儿皮肤潮红;41.51%患儿出现消化系统症状;30.19%患儿表现为尿液异常;无亲属陪伴、无家庭药品专门管理、家长未严格给药均是导致小儿药物中毒的独立危险因素,而良好的教育背景、保持呼吸通畅入院急救等因素均是保护因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小儿药物中毒常累及多个系统,无家属陪伴、家长文化程度低及未进行药物管理、急救常识缺乏等均是导致药物中毒的危险因素。Objective To investigate the occurrence of drug poisoning in children and analyze the causes.Methods Totally 106 cases of drug-poisoned children admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to September 2019 were included as the research subjects.A cross-sectional study model was used to analyze common drugs and clinical manifestations in children with poisoning.During the same period,160 cases of non-drug-poisoned children were taken as the control group.Both groups were given questionnaires to analyze the risk factors that affected children with poisoning.Results(1)Among 106 children,34.91%were 3-6 years old,57.55%lived in rural areas,25.47%used antibiotics,37.74%were poisoned through the digestive tract,and 64.15%were poisoned by adults.(2)Among the clinical manifestations of children with poisoning,77.36%of children had a rapid heart rate;65.09%of children had abnormal respiratory symptoms;63.21%of children had neurological symptoms;48.11%of children had skin flushing;41.51%of children had symptoms of the digestive system;30.19%of children had abnormal urine;lack of company of relatives,lack of family medicine management,and parents not strictly administering drugs were the independent risk factors for drug poisoning in children,and a good education background and keeping breathing smoothly on visiting hospital for emergency treatment were all protective factors,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Drug poisoning in children often involves multiple systems.Being unaccompanied by family members,parents'low education level,lack of drug management,and lack of first aid knowledge are all risk factors for drug poisoning.

关 键 词：药物中毒 诱因 危险因素 儿童 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]