法国马克思研究的乌托邦范式——以吕贝尔和阿本舒为例  

The Utopian Paradigm of Marx Studies in France——Rubel and Abensour as Examples

作　　者：杜媛媛 DU Yuanyuan(School of Philosophy,Research Center for Value and Culture,Collaborative Innovation Center for Core Socialist Values,Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学学院、价值与文化研究中心、社会主义核心价值观协同创新中心

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2020年第2期82-91,共10页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

摘　　要：20世纪50、60年代,阿尔都塞的结构主义马克思主义风光正盛,几乎主导了法国思想界。通过将马克思的思想和著作进行科学的阐释,结构主义马克思主义与列斐伏尔等人的人道主义马克思主义形成对立之势。正是在这样的背景下,吕贝尔的工作显得尤为瞩目。除了编译出版法文版的《马克思文集》四卷本,吕贝尔还通过独特的伦理学视角来阐释马克思的思想,强调马克思思想中的乌托邦因素。可以说,在人道主义马克思主义和结构主义马克思主义的阐释角度之外,吕贝尔提出了解读马克思思想的第三条道路。随后,乌托邦范式又成为联系吕贝尔和阿本舒之间的纽带。不同于吕贝尔,阿本舒试图通过批判的政治哲学来实现乌托邦自由。如果说吕贝尔是结构主义马克思主义流行时期的乌托邦逆行者,那么,吸收了诸多思想家理论资源的阿本舒就是批判的乌托邦的集大成者。In the 1950s and the 1960s,the flourishing Structuralist Marxism of Louis Althusser was almost dominating the entire French intellectual circle.Through interpreting Marx's thought and works scientifically,the Structuralist Marxism went in opposition to the Humanist Marxism represented by Henri Lefebvre and others.In this context,Maximilien Rubel's work appeared particularly remarkable.In addition to compiling the four-volume French edition of Karl Marx,OEuvres,Rubel explained Marx through a unique ethical perspective,emphasizing the utopian elements in Marx's thought.It can be argued that Rubel proposed a third way to interpret Marx beyond the interpretative perspectives of Humanist Marxism and Structuralist Marxism.Subsequently,the utopian paradigm became the link between Rubel and Miguel Abensour.Unlike the former,Abensour attempted to achieve utopian freedom through a critical political philosophy.If Rubel was the utopian contrarian in the popular period of Structuralist Marxism,Abensour,who absorbed theoretical resources of many thinkers,was the synthesizer of critical utopia.

关 键 词：吕贝尔 阿本舒 乌托邦研究 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]