冲击工具性能影响因素分析及应用  

AFFECTING FACTOR ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OF IMPACT TOOL PERFORMANCE

作　　者：孙明光[1] 索忠伟[1] 张洪宁[1] 张海平[1] SUN Mingguang;SUO Zhongwei;ZHANG Hongning;ZHANG Haiping(Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油工程技术研究院

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2020年第6期72-75,I0005,共5页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题“复杂地层钻井提速提效关键工具与装备”(编号:2016ZX05021-003)。

摘　　要：深部地层坚硬、研磨性强,使用常规的钻井方法机械钻速低,常常采用螺杆配合PDC钻头来提高钻速,但钻头往往磨损加剧导致寿命缩短,施加钻压过大导致螺杆制动、井斜超标等现象,提速效果受到限制。冲击钻作为一种成熟的破岩技术,已被广泛证明是在坚硬地层钻进有效方法之一。文章分析了冲击工具辅助钻头破岩机理,介绍了一种液动射流式冲击工具工作原理,通过试验数据分析了排量对冲击工具性能参数影响,分析了冲击工具性能参数设计依据,通过现场实例证明了冲击工具与PDC钻头配合在国内外在硬地层的提速效果,为硬地层钻井提速提供了一种新的技术手段。Deep strata are more ancient,hard and abrasive,in which the drilling speed is low by conventional drilling methods,therefore positive displacement motor(PDM)plus PDC bit is often used to improve drilling speed.But it leads to problems that bit wear is often aggravated,bit life is shortened,too much drilling pressure leads to PDM braking and well deviation exceeds the standard,etc.ROP improving effect is therefore limited.As an ancient rock breaking technology,impact drilling has been widely used in hard strata and proved to be one of the effective drilling methods.In this paper,the rock breaking mechanism of the impact tool auxiliary bit is analyzed,the working principle of a hydraulic jet impact tool is introduced,the influence of displacement on the performance parameters of the impact tool is analyzed through the test dat,and the design basis of the impact tool performance parameters is talked over,too.Field trial proves the ROP improving effect of the impact tool and PDC bit in the hard strata at home and abroad,which provides a new technical means for hard strata drilling speed improvement.

关 键 词：冲击工具 硬地层 工具性能 影响因素 提速 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]