反思“客观性”:科学戏剧对量子“测量问题”的探讨——以英国剧作家斯托帕德与弗莱恩为中心  

“Objectivity”Reappraised:Quantum Measurement Problem in Tom Stoppard and Michael Frayn’s Plays

作　　者：陶家俊[1] 武静 Tao Jiajun;Wu Jing(Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学英语学院,北京100089

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第1期42-47,共6页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：当代英国剧作家汤姆·斯托帕德创作的《汉普古德》《阿卡迪亚》和迈克尔·弗莱恩创作的《哥本哈根》均是以“量子理论”为核心隐喻的科学戏剧。三部剧作通过对量子“测量问题”的戏剧演绎,分别从观测者、观测方法和被观测对象三个层面,探讨和揭示了这三个要素中存在的不可避免的“主观性”和“不确定性”,继而否定了测量结果的绝对“客观性”。量子“测量问题”对“主观性”和“不确定性”的肯定,无疑挑战和颠覆了经典科学认识论中所标榜的“客观性”。通过对量子“测量问题”的戏剧演绎,斯托帕德与弗莱恩不仅揭示了现实的“主观性”“片面性”和“不确定性”,而且借此展开了对外在现实和知识本质的重新审视和考量。Tom Stoppard’s science plays Hapgood and Arcadia,along with Michael Frayn’s Copenhagen employ quantum theory as their dramatic metaphors.By dramatizing and exploring the three main aspects in Measurement Problem in quantum theory,these three plays show that the unavoidable“subjectivity”in the observer and ways of observation,as well as the“uncertainty”nature of the observed,have precluded absolute“objectivity”in the results.The acknowledgment of subjectivity and uncertainty in quantum science challenges the alleged“objectivity”in classical science,which helps Stoppard and Frayn explore not only the subjective,fragmented and uncertain nature of the reality but also the nature of reality and knowledge.

关 键 词：《汉普古德》 《阿卡迪亚》 《哥本哈根》 量子“测量问题” “客观性”反思 

分 类 号：B014[哲学宗教—哲学理论]