电脱盐废水处理技术现状  

The Status of Electric Desalination Wastewater Treatment Technology

作　　者：刘译阳 焦伟 曹强 张华 Liu Yiyang;Jiao Wei;Cao Qiang;Zhang Hua(CNPC Research Institute of Safety&Environment Technology;Quality,Safety&Environmental Protection Department,PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司 [2]中国石油塔里木油田公司质量安全环保处

出　　处：《油气田环境保护》2021年第1期11-14,20,共5页Environmental Protection of Oil & Gas Fields

基　　金：国家水专项“石油炼制装置废水分质处理循环利用技术与应用研究”(编号:2017ZX07402002-02)。

摘　　要：近几年,随着原料油的劣质化、重质化、乳化严重,造成电脱盐装置在运行过程中乳化困难,从而导致原油电脱盐脱水合格率低。文章介绍了石油炼制企业电脱盐废水的概况和水质特点,针对原油性质恶化、原油预沉降处理时间不够和石油炼制工艺差异三个因素,分析了其对电脱盐废水的盐含量、金属离子含量、酸值、胶质沥青质含量、乳化程度等水质水量特征的影响。介绍了目前电脱盐废水处理技术的进展,结合几个典型炼化企业电脱盐废水处理工艺应用现状,展望了电脱盐废水处理技术的发展趋势。In recent years,the serious and widespread inferior,heavy quality and emulsification of raw oil led to the difficulty in the emulsify during the operation of electric desalting unit.Furthermore,the emulsification difficult could lead to low qualified rate of raw oil electric desalting and dehydration.This study introduced the current situation and water quality characteristics of electric desalting wastewater from petroleum refining enterprises,analyzed the impact of the deterioration of crude oil properties,insufficient raw oil pre-sedimentation treatment,and difference processes on the salt content,metal ion content,acid value,gum asphaltene content,emulsification degree of electric desalting wastewater.Besides,this study introduced the development of electric desalting wastewater treatment technology,and the development trend of electric desalting wastewater treatment technology was forecasted based on the application situation of electric desalting wastewater treatment technology in several typical refining and chemical enterprises.

关 键 词：石油炼制 电脱盐装置 破乳 废水处理 

分 类 号：X742[环境科学与工程—环境工程]