非常规油气开发用滑溜水压裂液体系生物毒性评价实验研究  

Experimental Study on Biological Toxicity Evaluation of Slick Water Fracturing Fluid System for Unconventional Oil and Gas Development

作　　者：张颖[1] 余维初[1] 李嘉 佘朝毅 周丰 王香增 ZHANG Ying;YU Weichu;LI Jia;SHE Chaoyi;ZHOU Feng;WANG Xiangzeng(College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 451199,China;CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;Sichuan Changning Natural Gas Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;CNPC Great Wall Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100101,China;Research Institute,Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院 [2]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 [3]四川长宁天然气开发有限公司 [4]中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 [5]陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2020年第5期106-109,I0007,共5页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：国家重大专项“页岩油储层增效机理及技术研究”(编号:2017X05049-003)。

摘　　要：非常规油气大规模体积压裂施工中滑溜水的用液量大,若滑溜水压裂液体系不环保,则极易对水资源造成污染,目前国内主要关注滑溜水的减阻性能、防膨性能等,鲜有环保方面的性能测试。文中利用发光细菌法和糠虾毒性测试法,对不同类型的滑溜水体系进行生物毒性评价,结果表明,用粉末减阻剂和油基乳液减阻剂配制的滑溜水压裂液体系均具有一定程度的生物毒性水基乳液减阻剂配制的滑溜水压裂液体系无生物毒性;同时文中也比较了发光细菌法和糠虾毒性测试法这两种方法的优缺点发光细菌法更适合用于滑溜水压裂液生物毒性的评价。The large-scale volumetric fracturing of unconventional oil and gas uses a large amount of slick water. If the slick water fracturing fluid system is not environmentally friendly,it will easily pollute water resources. At present,the main concern in China is the drag reduction performance and antiswelling performance of slick water,and there are few environmental performance tests. In this paper,the luminescent bacteria method and the chaff shrimp toxicity test method are used to evaluate the biological toxicity of different types of slick water systems. The results show that the slick water fracturing fluid systems formulated with powder drag reducers and oil-based emulsion drag reducers are biologically toxic,and the slick water fracturing fluid system formulated with water-based emulsion drag reducer has no biological toxicity. At the same time,this article also compares the advantages and disadvantages of the luminescent bacteria method and the chaff shrimp toxicity test method. The results show that the luminescent bacteria method is more suitable for evaluating the biological toxicity of slick water fracturing fluid.

关 键 词：水力压裂 滑溜水 生物毒性 发光细菌法 毒性评价 

分 类 号：TE357.12[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]