大型光学望远镜子镜单元微位移促动器综述  

Review on primary mirror segment position actuator of large optical telescope

作　　者：刘炎森 张景旭[1] 杨飞[1] 安其昌[1] LIU Yan-sen;ZHANG Jing-xu;YANG Fei;AN Qi-chang(Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《激光与红外》2021年第2期131-140,共10页Laser & Infrared

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFE102900);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(No.2016198;No.2020221);国家自然科学基金项目(No.11673080,No.11703026,No.11803034,No.11973040);白求恩医学工程与仪器中心基金项目(No.BQEGCZX2019042)资助。

摘　　要：微位移促动器是拼接镜面望远镜子镜主动支撑系统中的关键执行机构,在应用中必须同时满足大行程、高精度和高负载等要求。随着望远镜口径的不断增大,促动器在保持高精度和高负载的同时还应具有更大的行程,这对促动器的设计来说是一个挑战。为了寻找微位移促动器结构的可行方案,给促动器的研究人员提供系统的参考,本文针对大型光学红外拼接镜面望远镜的发展需求,对正在望远镜中应用的促动器和设计测试中的促动器,包括目前30 m级望远镜拟采用的柔性促动器和其他预研促动器方案等,在具体结构方面进行了详细的介绍,并对促动器的组成部分进行整理、汇总、分类和对比,最后综合各种形式促动器的优势与不足,对微位移促动器未来的发展趋势做出展望。The micro-displacement actuator is one of the most important components in the active optics system of the primary mirror segment,which must meet the requirements of large stroke,high positioning accuracy and high load at the same time.With the increasing aperture of the telescope,the actuator should have a larger stroke while maintaining high precision and high load,which is a challenge for the design of the actuator.In order to find a feasible structure scheme of micro-displacement actuator and provide a clear reference for the actuator researchers,in this paper,according to the requirements arising from the development of large optical telescope,the actuators that are being used in the telescope and the actuators that have been designed and tested,including soft actuators to be used in the 30 meter telescope and other pre research actuators,are described in terms of specific structures,and the components of the actuators are sorted,summarized,classified and compared.Finally,the development trend of the micro-displacement actuator is prospected based on the advantages and disadvantages of various actuators.

关 键 词：微位移促动器 大型光学红外望远镜 拼接镜面望远镜 主动光学技术 

分 类 号：P111.21[天文地球—天文学] TH703[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]