金沙柚果实品质与土壤、叶片、果实矿质养分的相关性分析  

Correlation between Fruit Quality and Mineral Nutrients in Soil,Leaf and Fruit of‘Jinsha’Pomelo

作　　者：余璇 文婷 马青龄 刘德春[1] 胡威 刘勇[1] 杨莉[1] YU Xuan;WEN Ting;MA Qingling;LIU Dechun;HU Wei;LIU Yong;YANG Li(College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2021年第1期70-81,共12页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660563,31860544);江西省柑橘产业技术体系项目(JXARS-07-栽培岗位)。

摘　　要：【目的】为指导江西省吉安市金沙柚科学施肥提供直接理论依据。【方法】对吉安市23个果园的土壤、叶片、果实矿质养分含量及果实品质进行了测定,并用WPS和SPSS软件对所测数据进行相关性及线性回归方程分析,筛选出影响金沙柚果实品质的主要土壤、叶片和果实矿质养分因子。【结果】结果表明,77.27%的果园土壤中pH值低于5.5,95.45%的果园有机质含量低于15 g/kg;土壤中大量元素氮、磷、钾以缺乏为主,在叶片中三者含量以适量及高量为主,氮和钾还出现了部分果园含量过量情况,果实中三者含量平均值分别为0.80,0.16,1.48 g/kg;果园土壤和叶片中钙和镁含量均以缺乏为主,果实中二者平均值分别为83.49,51.70 mg/kg;果园土壤和叶片中铁、锰和铜含量适宜及适宜以上占比较大,果实中三者平均值分别为2.33,0.28,0.36 mg/kg;锌和硼元素在土壤和叶片中含量情况有所不同,锌元素在土壤以适宜为主而叶片中以缺乏为主,硼元素在土壤中100%缺乏而在叶片中以适宜占比最大,二者在果实中含量平均值为0.60,0.73 mg/kg;土壤和叶片钼元素在约一半果园中存在缺乏情况,果实含量平均值为56.04μg/kg。相关性和线性回归分析结果表明,果皮厚度与叶片钼元素呈负相关,而与果实锰元素呈正相关;可食率与土壤中有效锰呈负相关,与叶片中钙、铜和钼元素呈正相关,与果实中磷元素呈正相关;出汁率与土壤中pH值呈正相关,与土壤有效锰和叶片锰元素呈负相关;可溶性固形物与叶片中铜元素呈正相关;总糖与土壤中有效铁呈负相关,与果实中钙元素呈正相关;可滴定酸与果实中铁元素呈正相关,与果实磷元素呈负相关;Vc与叶片中硼呈负相关。【结论】综上所述,通过增施石灰等碱性物质,提高有机质的施入,可以有效地解决土壤酸化问题并改良土壤结构,也有利于在土壤铁、锰元素高量及过量果园中降[Objective]In order to provide direct theoretical basis for scientific fertilization of‘Jinsha’pomelo in Ji’an City of Jiangxi Province[.Method]The contents of mineral nutrient of soil,leaves and fruits in addition to fruit quality of 23 orchards in Ji’an City were determined.Correlation analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were carried out by WPS and SPSS software.The main mineral nutrient factors of soil,leaf and fruit affecting the fruit quality of‘Jinsha’pomelo were screened out.[Result]The results showed that the soil of 77.27%of the orchards had a pH value below 5.5,and the 95.45%of orchards had organic matter content less than 15 g/kg;Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were mainly deficient in soil,and the contents of nitrogen and potassium in leaves were mainly moderate and high,while the contents of nitrogen and potassium in leaves of some orchards were excessive.The average contents of these three elements in fruits were 0.80 g/kg,0.16 g/kg and 1.48 g/kg,respectively.The contents of Ca and Mg in soil and leaves of most orchards were defi⁃cient,and their average contents in fruits were 83.49 mg/kg and 51.70 mg/kg,respectively;The contents of Fe,Mn and Cu of soil and leaves were suitable or above in most orchards,and the average values of them were 2.33 mg/kg,0.28 mg/kg and 0.36 mg/kg,respectively.The contents of Zn and B in soil and leaves were differ⁃ent,Zn was mainly suitable in soil and deficient in leaves.Boron was 100%deficient in soiland suitable in leaves of most orchards.Their average contents in fruits were 0.60 mg/kg and 0.73 mg/kg,respectively.The con⁃tent of molybdenum of soil and leaves of nearly half of the orchards were deficient,and the average content of molybdenum in fruits was 56.04μg/kg.The results of correlation and linear regression analysis showed that peri⁃carp thickness was negatively correlated with the content of molybdenum in leaves,but positively correlated with the manganese in fruit;The edible rate was negatively correlated with avai

关 键 词：金沙柚 矿质营养元素 果实品质 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]