不同预处理条件对于尾菜厌氧发酵产气效果的影响  

Effects of Different Pretreatment Conditions on Biogas Production of Vegetable Waste Anaerobic Fermentation

作　　者：白岩 刘金力 徐华宇 马超 张雪岩 马爽[2] 郑树生[3] 杨宏志[4] 王彦杰[1] Bai Yan;Liu Jinli;Xu Huayu;Ma Chao;Zhang Xueyan;Ma Shuang;Zheng Shusheng;Yang Hongzhi;Wang Yanjie(Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-waste in Cold Region/College of Life Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319;Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Experimental Equipment Management Center of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University;College of Food,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省寒区环境微生物与农业废弃物资源化利用重点实验室/黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院,大庆163319 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学实验设备管理中心 [4]黑龙江八一农垦大学食品学院

出　　处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2021年第1期52-59,88,共9页journal of heilongjiang bayi agricultural university

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800802-03);黑龙江省农垦总局指导项目(HKKYZD190901);黑龙江省重点实验室开放基金(201703);黑龙江八一农垦大学三横三纵支持计划(TDJH201809)。

摘　　要：以尾菜为发酵原料,常因“易酸化”导致产气失败。为了提高其能源化利用效率,试验以产气效果为评价指标,考察不同尾菜的厌氧消化产甲烷能力的基础上,研究超声波破碎、超声波清洗、碱液浸泡及沼液浸泡的预处理措施对产甲烷能力最佳和最差尾菜的产气影响。研究结果表明,在总固体(TS)浓度为3%和中温37℃下,菠菜、卷心菜、芹菜、油菜和白菜的挥发性固体(VS)产甲烷率分别为65.93、77.44、78.33、55.73 mL·g^(-1)·VS和60.68 mL·g^(-1)·VS,TS产甲烷率分别为64.39、75.63、76.50、54.53 mL·g^(-1)·TS和59.27 mL·g^(-1)·TS,其中菠菜和卷心菜的产气效果显著高于其他尾菜,芹菜的产甲烷能力显著低于其他处理。在发酵过程中,4种预处理对卷心菜和芹菜发酵体系的pH均有缓冲作用,可以降低pH的下降速度和程度。4种预处理的甲烷体积分数均在第7 d达到40%以上,峰值接近54%。不同预处理均能提高反应系统的产甲烷能力,促进甲烷产生量的顺序为超声波破碎>超声波清洗>碱液浸泡>沼液浸泡。超声波破碎的最佳预处理功率为30%(额定功率450 W),与对照相比,两种尾菜TS甲烷产率的提高率分别为95.42%和120.81%,VS甲烷产率的提高率分别为95.56%和120.84%,均显著高于其他处理。不同尾菜厌氧发酵产气潜力存在一定差异,通过预处理可以延缓尾菜厌氧发酵的酸化进程,提高尾菜的产气率。研究为尾菜厌氧发酵预处理技术提供一定理论及应用的参考。The failure of biogas production was often caused by“easy acidification”when using the vegetable waste as the fermentation material.In order to improve the efficiency of energy utilization,based on the evaluation index of biogas production,on the basis of the anaerobic digestion methanogenesis ability on different vegetable wastes,researching the effect of the pretreatment measures like ultrasonication,ultrasonic cleaning,alkali soaking and biogas slurry soaking on the best biogas production vegetable waste and the worst biogas production vegetable waste.The results showed that the VS methane production rates of spinach,cabbage,celery,rape and Chinese cabbage were 65.93,77.44,78.33,55.738 mL·g^(-1)·VS and 60.688 mL·g^(-1)·VS respectively when at TS concentration of 3%and moderate temperature of 37℃,and the methane production rates of TS were 64.39,75.63,76.50,54.538 mL·g^(-1)·TS and 59.278 mL·g^(-1)·TS respectively.The effect of biogas production of spinach and cabbage was significantly higher than that of other vegetable wastes,and that of celery was significantly lower than that of other treatments.In the fermentation process,4 kinds of pretreatments had buffer effect on the cabbage and celery fermentation system pH,and decreased the falling rate and degree of pH The volume fraction of 4 kinds of pretreatment methane reached more than 40%on the 7th day,and the peak value was close to 54%.Different pretreatment could improve the methane production capacity of the reaction system,and the order of methane generation was ultrasonication>ultrasonic cleaning>alkali liquor soaking>biogas liquor soaking.The best pretreatment power of ultrasonication was 30%(rated power 450 W),compared with the control group,the methane production rates of TS and VS increased by 95.42%and 120.81%,95.56%and 120.84%respectively,which were significantly higher than those of other treatments.The biogas potential of different vegetable wastes anaerobic fermentation were different,pretreatment could delay the acidification proce

关 键 词：尾菜厌氧发酵 产气潜力 预处理条件 甲烷产率 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]